Kuehr J, Karmaus W, Forster J, Frischer T, Hendel-Kramer A, Moseler M, Stephan V, Urbanek R, Weiss K
University Children's Hospital, Freiburg, Germany.
Clin Exp Allergy. 1993 Jul;23(7):600-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.1993.tb00900.x.
The coincidence of allergic sensitization was investigated in 302 school-aged children and their parents. Specific sensitization to four common inhalant allergens (grass and birch pollens, cat dander, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) was ascertained by means of skin-prick tests (SPT) carried out on the complete family unit at the beginning of a 22-month follow-up period. The same test procedure was then repeated on the children twice at 11-month intervals to provide cumulative prevalences of sensitization. A clinical history of atopy in the children (hay fever or asthma; n = 47), which was derived from an interview, is associated with sensitization (positive SPT in 89%). For three allergens (grass and birch pollens, cat dander) sensitization occurs significantly more frequently in the children of mothers who are sensitized to the same allergen (odds-ratios (ORs), 2.5-4.1). Additionally, in three of the four explanatory models related to a single antigen, maternal sensitization to one of the complementary allergens is of importance (ORs, 2.7-3.7). In contrast to this finding, none of the paternal sensitizations has statistical significance. Based on a reaction to at least one of the four allergens, the child's relative risk to be sensitized is increased in case of maternal (OR, 2.88; P = 0.001) but not of paternal (OR, 1.06; P = 0.83) sensitization. In conclusion, our data indicate that the maternal status is more predictive than that of the father with regard to the child's risk of sensitization.
对302名学龄儿童及其父母的过敏致敏情况进行了调查。在为期22个月的随访期开始时，通过对整个家庭单位进行皮肤点刺试验（SPT），确定了对四种常见吸入性过敏原（草花粉、桦树花粉、猫皮屑、粉尘螨）的特异性致敏情况。然后在11个月的间隔内对儿童重复进行两次相同的测试程序，以提供致敏的累积患病率。通过访谈得出的儿童特应性临床病史（花粉症或哮喘；n = 47）与致敏相关（89%的皮肤点刺试验呈阳性）。对于三种过敏原（草花粉、桦树花粉、猫皮屑），对相同过敏原致敏的母亲的孩子中致敏发生的频率明显更高（优势比（OR），2.5 - 4.1）。此外，在与单一抗原相关的四个解释模型中的三个中，母亲对一种互补过敏原的致敏很重要（OR，2.7 - 3.7）。与这一发现相反，父亲的致敏情况均无统计学意义。基于对四种过敏原中至少一种的反应，母亲致敏时孩子致敏的相对风险增加（OR，2.88；P = 0.001），而父亲致敏时则不然（OR，1.06；P = 0.83）。总之，我们的数据表明，就孩子的致敏风险而言，母亲的状况比父亲的状况更具预测性。
