Trivedi A
Health Physics Branch, AECL Research, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada.
Health Phys. 1993 Nov;65(5):514-22. doi: 10.1097/00004032-199311000-00007.
One of the radiation protection problems potentially encountered in tritium-handling facilities is contamination of metal surfaces. Experiments with hairless rats have demonstrated that when intact skin is brought into contact with tritium-gas-contaminated stainless-steel surfaces, tritium can be fixed as organically bound tritium (OBT) and as tritiated oxide (HTO) in the skin. The radiological hazard associated with this route of tritium uptake is determined by the retention and distribution of tritium in the skin and other organs. The experimental data suggest that the OBT in the skin serves as an input source to the rest of the body. The urinary excretion of tritium shows a biphasic excretion for OBT and a single-phase clearance for HTO from the body. The results indicate that the exposure from this mode of contamination results in long retention of tritium in the skin as well as in non-uniform distribution of tritium in organs and macromolecules. This information is useful in evaluating the possible dosimetric concerns from this mode of exposure.
氚处理设施中可能遇到的辐射防护问题之一是金属表面的污染。对无毛大鼠进行的实验表明，当完整皮肤与受氚气污染的不锈钢表面接触时，氚可在皮肤中固定为有机结合氚（OBT）和氚化水（HTO）。与这种氚摄取途径相关的辐射危害取决于氚在皮肤和其他器官中的滞留和分布。实验数据表明，皮肤中的OBT是身体其他部位的一个输入源。氚的尿排泄显示OBT为双相排泄，HTO从体内为单相清除。结果表明，这种污染方式导致氚在皮肤中长期滞留，以及氚在器官和大分子中的分布不均匀。这些信息有助于评估这种暴露方式可能存在的剂量学问题。
