Nishimune T, Sumimoto T, Konishi Y, Yakushiji T, Komachi Y, Mitsuhashi Y, Nakayama I, Okazaki K, Tsuda T, Ichihashi A
Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Japan.
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 1993 Jun;39(3):263-78. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.39.263.
A method was introduced for the estimation of total dietary fiber (TDF) intake of a population using a menu-oriented questionnaire and a menu-based calculation table. TDF intake correlated well with age in a population investigated, and in younger generations TDF consumption was very low (less than 11.5 g/day in teenagers). The similar results were obtained from the calculation using data of National Nutrition Survey (10.7 g/day). The foodstuffs they consumed were more processed and refined. This fact suggested that in younger generations a future resumption of their present eating habits might produce a serious lack of TDF intake in later years. To clarify the optimal level of TDF intake for the upper limit of recommended daily allowance (RDA) of an average Japanese, the following were measured and calculated. (I) Estimation of recent TDF intake (1990) and of 30 and 50 years ago (1955, 1935), based on TDF data of foodstuffs by the enzymatic-gravimetric method. (II) Measurement of the TDF of model duplicate meals and model composite diets for the average Japanese in 1985 using the same assay method. (III) Conversion of a recommendation of 20-35 g/day for American into RDA for Japanese considering energy consumption and lower fat intake. (IV) Re-estimation of the literature data on the adverse effects of DF on the human mineral balance considering the insufficient calcium intake of Japanese. The results indicated an RDA of 10-12 g TDF/1,000 kcal fit better for an average Japanese.
介绍了一种通过面向菜单的问卷和基于菜单的计算表来估算人群总膳食纤维（TDF）摄入量的方法。在所调查的人群中，TDF摄入量与年龄密切相关，而在年轻一代中，TDF的摄入量非常低（青少年每天低于11.5克）。使用国家营养调查数据进行计算也得到了类似结果（每天10.7克）。他们食用的食品更多是经过加工和精制的。这一事实表明，年轻一代如果将来恢复目前的饮食习惯，可能在晚年出现严重的TDF摄入不足。为了明确日本普通人群推荐每日摄入量（RDA）上限的TDF最佳摄入量，进行了以下测量和计算。（I）根据酶重量法测定的食品TDF数据，估算近期（1990年）以及30和50年前（1955年、1935年）的TDF摄入量。（II）使用相同的测定方法，测量1985年日本普通人群的模型重复膳食和模型复合膳食的TDF。（III）考虑到能量消耗和较低的脂肪摄入量，将美国推荐的每日20 - 35克转换为日本的RDA。（IV）考虑到日本人钙摄入量不足，重新评估关于膳食纤维对人体矿物质平衡不良影响的文献数据。结果表明，对于日本普通人群，每1000千卡10 - 12克TDF的RDA更为合适。
