Whitaker R C, Wright J A, Finch A J, Deyo R A, Psaty B M
Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.
J Pediatr. 1993 Dec;123(6):857-62. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(05)80380-4.
To compare the fat and cholesterol content of the foods offered and selected in an elementary school lunch program with current dietary guidelines.
For 105 school days we recorded the food items selected by elementary school students in an entire school district (262,851 meals) who were given a choice between two entrees. The nutrient content of foods was assessed with a computerized nutrient data base supplemented by the food manufacturers' data.
Sixteen elementary schools in the Bellevue (Washington) School District.
The number of students eating school lunch averaged 2500 per day, of whom 25% were from households with incomes less than 185% of poverty.
None.
We determined the nutritional content of the average meal selected; the proportion of days when one of the two offered entrees met fat and cholesterol guidelines; and the proportion of children selecting the entrees that met the guidelines.
The average lunch selected had 35.9% of calories from total fat and 12.6% from saturated fat, exceeding the guidelines of 30% and 10%, respectively. Lunch contained an average of 57 mg cholesterol (106 mg/1000 kcal) and met guidelines. One of the two daily entree choices met guidelines for both total fat and saturated fat on 20% of days, and met both fat and cholesterol guidelines on 14% of days. When available, entrees meeting the fat guidelines were chosen by 37% of students, and entrees meeting both fat and cholesterol guidelines were chosen by 34% of students.
In this school district the average lunch selected did not meet the current guidelines for dietary fat; when given the choice, more than one third of students selected the entrees that met these guidelines.
将一所小学午餐计划中提供的食物和学生选择的食物中的脂肪及胆固醇含量与当前饮食指南进行比较。
在105个上学日里，我们记录了整个学区（262,851份餐食）小学生在两种主菜之间进行选择时所选的食物项目。食物的营养成分通过计算机化营养数据库进行评估，并由食品制造商提供的数据作为补充。
华盛顿州贝尔维尤学区的16所小学。
每天吃学校午餐的学生平均有2500名，其中25%来自收入低于贫困线185%的家庭。
无。
我们确定了所选平均餐食的营养成分；两种提供的主菜之一符合脂肪和胆固醇指南的天数比例；以及选择符合指南主菜的儿童比例。
所选午餐平均有35.9%的热量来自总脂肪，12.6%来自饱和脂肪，分别超过了30%和10%的指南标准。午餐平均含有57毫克胆固醇（每1000千卡106毫克），符合指南标准。两种每日主菜选择之一在20%的日子里符合总脂肪和饱和脂肪指南，在14%的日子里符合脂肪和胆固醇指南。当有符合脂肪指南的主菜可供选择时，37%的学生选择了它们，符合脂肪和胆固醇指南的主菜则有34%的学生选择。
在这个学区，所选的平均午餐不符合当前的饮食脂肪指南；当有选择时，超过三分之一的学生选择了符合这些指南的主菜。
