Medelli J, Maingourd Y, Bouferrache B, Bach V, Freville M, Libert J P
Unité de Recherches sur les Adaptations Physiologiques et Comportementales, Faculté de Médecine, Amiens, France.
Jpn J Physiol. 1993;43(3):347-60. doi: 10.2170/jjphysiol.43.347.
The maximal aerobic capacity and the aerobic-anaerobic transition were analyzed on 14 triathletes performing an incremental work load on a bicycle ergometer and on horizontal or inclined treadmills. To compared the cardiorespiratory responses between cycling and running, the subjects were divided into 2 groups of 7 with similar aerobic capacity determined from cycle runs. The first group ran on horizontal treadmill while the second group performed similar exercise on inclined treadmill at constant grade (1.5%). Heart rate was recorded by electrocardiogram. Oxygen uptake (VO2), CO2 production (VCO2), respiratory frequency, and pulmonary ventilation were monitored at 30 s intervals through a Rudolph valve connected to a calibrated Oxycon V. Tidal volume, respiratory exchange ratio, equivalent O2 and CO2 were calculated from on-line computer. Aerobic and anaerobic thresholds were determined by a non-invasive method from pulmonary ventilation curves. The results showed that maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) did not differ between the 2 types of ergometers. Pulmonary ventilation, heart rate and VO2 recorded at aerobic and anaerobic thresholds depended on the mode of exercise and reached the highest values on inclined treadmill. The amount of muscle mass, the type and the distribution of active motor units involved in each exercise test might be at the origin of these differences. This indicates that, when assessing a training program from anaerobic threshold values, it is necessary to take into consideration the type of ergometer used and the protocol performed.
对14名铁人三项运动员进行了最大有氧能力和有氧-无氧转换分析，这些运动员在自行车测力计以及水平或倾斜跑步机上进行递增负荷运动。为了比较骑行和跑步时的心肺反应，根据自行车运动测试将受试者分为两组，每组7人，两组的有氧能力相似。第一组在水平跑步机上跑步，第二组在倾斜跑步机上以恒定坡度（1.5%）进行类似运动。通过心电图记录心率。通过连接到校准的Oxycon V的鲁道夫阀，每隔30秒监测一次摄氧量（VO2）、二氧化碳产生量（VCO2）、呼吸频率和肺通气量。通过在线计算机计算潮气量、呼吸交换率、等效氧气和二氧化碳量。通过肺通气曲线的无创方法确定有氧和无氧阈值。结果表明，两种测力计的最大摄氧量（VO2max）没有差异。在有氧和无氧阈值时记录的肺通气量、心率和VO2取决于运动方式，在倾斜跑步机上达到最高值。每次运动测试中涉及的肌肉质量、活跃运动单位的类型和分布可能是这些差异的根源。这表明，在根据无氧阈值评估训练计划时，有必要考虑所使用的测力计类型和执行的方案。
