Heijerman H G
Leijenburg Hospital, Adult Cystic Fibrosis Centre, The Hague, The Netherlands.
Respir Med. 1993 Aug;87 Suppl B:49-51. doi: 10.1016/0954-6111(93)90127-l.
Malnutrition may be an extremely important complicating factor in patients with a variety of chronic lung diseases. The impact of malnutrition on lung disease and respiratory muscle function has been extensively studied in patients with chronic lung disease due to cystic fibrosis (CF). In patients with CF it appears that malnutrition and deterioration of lung function are closely interrelated and interdependent, with each affecting the other, leading to a spiral decline in both. The occurrence of malnutrition during childhood seems to be associated with impaired growth and repair of the airway walls. Therefore, in children, when growth in body-length may be expected, prevention of malnutrition is associated with better lung function and improved survival. Nutritional intervention in adults, when no further growth may be expected, will only lead to an increase of body fat. However, when combined with a physical training programme it may lead to an improvement in bodyweight, respiratory muscle function, lung function and exercise tolerance. In addition, this approach will lead to an increase in both respiratory and other muscle mass.
营养不良可能是患有各种慢性肺部疾病患者极为重要的并发症因素。在患有囊性纤维化（CF）所致慢性肺病的患者中，营养不良对肺部疾病和呼吸肌功能的影响已得到广泛研究。在CF患者中，营养不良与肺功能恶化似乎密切相关且相互依存，二者相互影响，导致病情呈螺旋式下降。儿童期发生营养不良似乎与气道壁生长和修复受损有关。因此，在儿童有望长高的时期，预防营养不良与更好的肺功能及提高生存率相关。在成年人中，由于不再有望进一步生长，营养干预只会导致体脂增加。然而，若与体育锻炼计划相结合，可能会使体重、呼吸肌功能、肺功能和运动耐力得到改善。此外，这种方法还会使呼吸肌及其他肌肉量增加。
