Sanders L M, Giudice L, Raffin T A
Stanford University Center for Biomedical Ethics, Stanford University School of Medicine, California 94305-5236.
West J Med. 1993 Sep;159(3):400-7.
Now that the Clinton Administration has overturned the ban on federal funding for fetal tissue transplantation, old ethical issues renew their relevance and new ethical issues arise. Is fetal tissue transplantation necessary and beneficial? Are fetal rights violated by the use of fetal tissue in research? Is there a moral danger that the potential of fetal tissue donation will encourage elective abortions? Should pregnant women be allowed to designate specific fetal transplant recipients? What criteria should be used to select fetal tissue transplants? Whose consent should be required for the use of fetal tissue for transplantation? We review the current state of clinical research with fetal tissue transplantation, the legal history of fetal tissue research, the major arguments against the use of fetal tissue for transplantation, and the new postmoratorium ethical dilemmas. We include recommendations for guidelines to govern the medical treatment of fetal tissue in transplantation.
既然克林顿政府已经推翻了禁止联邦政府为胎儿组织移植提供资金的禁令，旧的伦理问题重新具有相关性，新的伦理问题也随之出现。胎儿组织移植是否必要且有益？在研究中使用胎儿组织是否侵犯了胎儿权利？胎儿组织捐赠的可能性是否存在道德风险，会鼓励选择性堕胎？应该允许孕妇指定特定的胎儿移植接受者吗？应该使用什么标准来选择胎儿组织移植？使用胎儿组织进行移植需要谁的同意？我们回顾了胎儿组织移植临床研究的现状、胎儿组织研究的法律历史、反对使用胎儿组织进行移植的主要论点，以及禁令解除后的新伦理困境。我们还包括了关于规范移植中胎儿组织医学处理的指导方针的建议。
