Vasectomy and prostate cancer.

Numerous epidemiologic studies of vasectomized men have been conducted over the last decade. The majority of the reports have been reassuring with regard to possible long-term health consequences following male sterilization. In February 1993, two articles suggesting a relationship between vasectomy and prostate cancer appeared in the literature. Following publication of these studies, the United States National Institutes of Health (NIH) organized a meeting of experts to review the most recent literature on vasectomy and prostate cancer. After considering the evidence from the aforementioned studies and the preliminary findings of three unpublished studies, the NIH panel concluded that there was insufficient evidence of a real association between vasectomy and prostate cancer. This article reviews current information concerning the relationship, and recommends that providers continue to provide vasectomy as a contraceptive option. The research community should continue to investigate the possibility of a relationship between vasectomy and prostate cancer.