Wilk V A
Farmworker Justice Fund, Inc., Washington, DC 20009.
Am J Ind Med. 1993 Sep;24(3):283-90. doi: 10.1002/ajim.4700240305.
Children comprise a significant portion of the agricultural workforce and are exposed to many workplace hazards, including farm machinery, pesticides, poor field sanitation, unsafe transportation, and fatigue from doing physically demanding work for long periods. Migrant farmworker children face the additional hazard of substandard or nonexistent housing in the fields. Children account for a disproportionate share of agricultural workplace fatalities and disabling injuries, with more than 300 deaths and 27,000 injuries per year. The most common cause of fatal and nonfatal injury among children in agriculture is farm machinery, with tractors accounting for the greatest number. Remedies to the problems of child labor must take into account family economics and the need for child care. Labor law reform and rigorous enforcement of existing laws and of workplace health and safety requirements are vital to better protect the children and adults working in agriculture.
儿童在农业劳动力中占很大比例，他们面临许多工作场所的危险，包括农业机械、农药、田间卫生条件差、不安全的交通以及长时间从事体力要求高的工作导致的疲劳。流动农业工人的子女还面临田间住房不合标准或根本没有住房的额外危险。在农业工作场所的死亡和致残伤害中，儿童所占比例过高，每年有300多人死亡，27000人受伤。农业领域儿童致命和非致命伤害的最常见原因是农业机械，其中拖拉机造成的伤亡数量最多。解决童工问题的办法必须考虑到家庭经济状况和儿童保育需求。劳动法改革以及严格执行现有法律和工作场所健康与安全要求对于更好地保护从事农业工作的儿童和成年人至关重要。
