Tomaszewski C, McKinney P, Phillips S, Brent J, Kulig K
Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Center, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver.
Ann Emerg Med. 1993 Dec;22(12):1804-6. doi: 10.1016/s0196-0644(05)80404-4.
To study the effectiveness of activated charcoal in preventing toxicity after an enterally administered cocaine hydrochloride overdose in mice.
A prospective, randomized, controlled animal laboratory investigation.
Fasted mice were given aqueous cocaine hydrochloride (0.8% final concentration) 100 mg/kg body weight orally by gavage tube. One minute later, animals received one of three treatments by gavage: 1 g activated charcoal/kg body weight, 2 g activated charcoal/kg body weight, or an equivolume of water (control). All treatments consisted of 20 mL/kg body weight of an activated charcoal slurry with water.
After 24-hour observation, proportions of seizures and deaths between each group were compared using Pearson chi 2 test followed by Fisher's exact test (P < .017 for significance after Bonferroni's correction).
There were 20 seizures and 16 deaths in the control group (20 mice). There were four seizures (P = .0004) and one death (P = .0004) in the 1-g activated charcoal/kg group (ten mice) and five seizures (P = .0018) and three deaths (P = .015) in the 2-g activated charcoal/kg group (ten mice).
In this mouse model, activated charcoal decreased the incidence of seizures and death after an enteral cocaine hydrochloride overdose.
研究活性炭对小鼠经肠道给予过量盐酸可卡因后预防毒性的效果。
一项前瞻性、随机对照动物实验室研究。
禁食的小鼠通过灌胃管口服给予盐酸可卡因水溶液（终浓度0.8%），剂量为100mg/kg体重。1分钟后，动物通过灌胃接受三种治疗之一：1g活性炭/kg体重、2g活性炭/kg体重或等体积的水（对照）。所有治疗均为20mL/kg体重的活性炭与水的混悬液。
经过24小时观察后，使用Pearson卡方检验及随后的Fisher精确检验比较各组之间癫痫发作和死亡的比例（经Bonferroni校正后，P <.017为有统计学意义）。
对照组（20只小鼠）有20次癫痫发作和16例死亡。1g活性炭/kg组（10只小鼠）有4次癫痫发作（P =.0004）和1例死亡（P =.0004），2g活性炭/kg组（10只小鼠）有5次癫痫发作（P =.0018）和3例死亡（P =.015）。
在该小鼠模型中，活性炭降低了经肠道给予过量盐酸可卡因后癫痫发作和死亡的发生率。
