Tuncok Y, Gelal A, Apaydin S, Guven H, Fowler J, Gure A
Department of Pharmacology, Dokuz Eylul University Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
Ann Emerg Med. 1995 Mar;25(3):353-5. doi: 10.1016/s0196-0644(95)70294-6.
To determine whether immediate treatment with oral activated charcoal (AC) products of differing surface areas prevents clinical toxicity of a lethal oral dose of dichlorvos in mice.
An in vivo, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study using 75 male albino mice.
Fasting mice were administered 57.5 mg/kg of a 0.55% dichlorvos solution via feeding tube. One minute later, groups of 15 mice each received 1 or 2 g/kg of Actidose-Aqua AC or 1 or 2 g/kg of Sigma AC or sterile water by feeding tube. In this way, all mice received 15 mL/kg of an AC suspension or sterile water. The animals were observed for 24 hours for seizures or death.
In all treatment groups, mice were found to have significantly fewer seizures and deaths (P < .05) than the control group when compared by chi 2 and Fisher's exact tests. No statistical difference was found between the death and seizure rates when treatment groups were compared with each other. The group sizes were too small, however, to rule out significant type II error (beta > .2).
In this in vivo mouse model, all AC products tested decreased the incidence of seizures and death. Further studies should be done to investigate the clinical effects of AC products with different surface areas.
确定使用不同表面积的口服活性炭（AC）产品进行即刻治疗是否能预防小鼠口服致死剂量敌敌畏后的临床毒性。
一项使用75只雄性白化小鼠的体内前瞻性随机安慰剂对照研究。
禁食小鼠通过饲管给予57.5mg/kg的0.55%敌敌畏溶液。1分钟后，每组15只小鼠通过饲管分别接受1或2g/kg的Actidose - Aqua AC或1或2g/kg的Sigma AC或无菌水。通过这种方式，所有小鼠均接受15mL/kg的AC悬浮液或无菌水。观察动物24小时，记录癫痫发作或死亡情况。
通过卡方检验和费舍尔精确检验比较发现，与对照组相比，所有治疗组小鼠的癫痫发作和死亡情况均显著减少（P < 0.05）。各治疗组之间的死亡率和癫痫发作率无统计学差异。然而，样本量过小，无法排除显著的II型错误（β > 0.2）。
在该体内小鼠模型中，所有测试的AC产品均降低了癫痫发作和死亡的发生率。应进一步开展研究以调查不同表面积AC产品的临床效果。
