The first successful surgical treatment of mitral stenosis: the 70th anniversary of Elliot Cutler's mitral commissurotomy.

In 1923 Elliot Carr Cutler, in conjunction with his cardiology colleague, Samuel Levine, performed a closed transventricular mitral commissurotomy with a tenotomy knife on a 12-year-old patient dying of rheumatic mitral stenosis at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital. This operation was carried out after several years of experimentation regarding resuscitation of the heart, appropriate incisions, and the pathophysiology of mitral stenosis. The interest in mitral stenosis was rampant at the time because of the huge number of patients suffering from this public health problem. The patient survived and went on to die of pneumonia 4 years postoperatively. Subsequent to this, Cutler performed seven more operations using his new cardiovalvulotome, which was to create controlled mitral regurgitation. Unfortunately, this concept did not promote long-term success and a moratorium for these operations was called in 1929. Nevertheless, this pioneering effort in 1923 was the first successful operation to treat valvular heart disease by a surgical technique.