Kayser B, Jean D, Herry J P, Bärtsch P
Département de Physiologie, Centre Médical Universitaire, Genève, Switzerland.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1993 Oct;64(10):928-31.
Numerous cases of acute mountain sickness (AMS) during trekking were reported to have been successfully treated with portable pressure chambers. The effect of early pressurization during acute altitude exposure in the Alps had not been previously studied. In order to test the hypothesis that an early pressurization of unacclimatized subjects for 3 h could prevent or delay the appearance of symptoms of AMS, 51 previously healthy subjects climbed from 1,030 to 4,360 m within 12 h. Upon arrival at 4,360 m, AMS scores (Lake Louise Consensus Questionnaire '91), oxygen saturation (SaO2), and heart rate (HR) were determined at rest. The subjects were then randomly divided in two groups; one group was pressurized to 200 mBar for 3 h while the other rested. AMS score, HR, and SaO2 were similar in both groups before treatment. AMS score had decreased (from 2.44 +/- 0.41 (S.E.) to 0.89 +/- 0.26, p < 0.05) and SaO2 had increased (from 75.22 +/- 1.32% to 79.07 +/- 1.27%, p < 0.05) in the treatment group 15 min after leaving the pressure chamber whereas the control group had unchanged AMS score (2.50 +/- 0.40 vs. 2.40 +/- 0.40, N.S.) and SaO2 (77.83 +/- 1.41 vs. 76.67 +/- 1.24, N.S.). The next morning, however, AMS score, HR, and SaO2 were similar for both groups. It is concluded that during acute ascent in the Alps, an early 3-h pressurization of unacclimatized subjects does slightly delay the onset of AMS but does not prevent the illness nor does it attenuate its severity upon appearance.
据报道，许多徒步旅行期间发生的急性高山病（AMS）病例通过便携式压力舱得到了成功治疗。此前尚未对阿尔卑斯山急性海拔暴露期间早期增压的效果进行研究。为了检验未适应环境的受试者早期增压3小时可预防或延迟AMS症状出现这一假设，51名此前健康的受试者在12小时内从1030米攀升至4360米。到达4360米后，在静息状态下测定AMS评分（《1991年路易斯湖共识问卷》）、血氧饱和度（SaO2）和心率（HR）。然后将受试者随机分为两组；一组增压至200毫巴持续3小时，而另一组休息。治疗前两组的AMS评分、HR和SaO2相似。离开压力舱15分钟后，治疗组的AMS评分降低（从2.44±0.41（标准误）降至0.89±0.26，p<0.05），SaO2升高（从75.22±1.32%升至79.07±1.27%，p<0.05），而对照组的AMS评分（2.50±0.40对2.40±0.40，无显著差异）和SaO2（77.83±1.41对76.67±1.24，无显著差异）没有变化。然而，第二天早上，两组的AMS评分、HR和SaO2相似。得出的结论是，在阿尔卑斯山急性上升期间，未适应环境的受试者早期3小时增压确实会略微延迟AMS的发作，但不能预防该病，也不会在症状出现时减轻其严重程度。
