McCargar L J, Simmons D, Craton N, Taunton J E, Birmingham C L
School of Family and Nutritional Sciences, Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver.
Can J Appl Physiol. 1993 Sep;18(3):291-303. doi: 10.1139/h93-025.
Repeated cycles of weight loss and regain are referred to as weight cycling. It is a practice of many athletes who must achieve a low body weight. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a history of weight cycling results in sustained metabolic changes. Healthy female rowers with a history of dieting and weight fluctuation (n = 7) were compared to a control group of rowers who had never dieted (n = 7). Anthropometric and metabolic measurements were done at pre-, peak, and off-season during a 1-year period. At peak season the weight cyclers restricted their food intake and lost 4.2 +/- 1.8 kg, and subsequently regained 4.0 +/- 2.1 kg in the off-season. This was different from the controls (p = .003), who maintained a stable body weight at all times. No other group differences were observed. Resting metabolic rate (RMR) and triiodothyronine (T3) changed with time (p = .001, p = .000, respectively) in both groups, which appeared to reflect changes in fat free mass (FFM), not body weight. Long-term metabolic changes were not observed in these athletes.
体重反复减轻和反弹的循环被称为体重循环。这是许多必须达到低体重的运动员的一种做法。本研究的目的是确定体重循环史是否会导致持续的代谢变化。将有节食和体重波动史的健康女性赛艇运动员（n = 7）与从未节食的赛艇运动员对照组（n = 7）进行比较。在1年期间的赛前、赛季高峰和赛季后进行人体测量和代谢测量。在赛季高峰时，体重循环者限制食物摄入量，体重减轻4.2±1.8千克，随后在赛季后体重又增加了4.0±2.1千克。这与对照组不同（p = 0.003），对照组体重始终保持稳定。未观察到其他组间差异。两组的静息代谢率（RMR）和三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）均随时间变化（分别为p = 0.001，p = 0.000），这似乎反映了去脂体重（FFM）的变化，而非体重的变化。在这些运动员中未观察到长期的代谢变化。
