Houtrouw S M, Carlson K L
Issues Compr Pediatr Nurs. 1993 Jan-Mar;16(1):41-50. doi: 10.3109/01460869309078265.
The purpose of this descriptive study was to determine the relationship of demographic variables and mothers' perceived vulnerability to eight communicable diseases with immunization compliance. A random sample consisting of 40 mothers with preschool-age children 4-24 months of age was interviewed by means of the Communicable Disease Perceived Vulnerability Scale and the investigator-developed Demographic Data Collection Instrument. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and chi-square (p < or = .05). The average mother in the sample was White, had a 10th- to 12th-grade education, was 24-31 years old, and had a yearly income of $10,000-$45,000. Statistically there were no significant relationships between maternal characteristics or between maternal vulnerability beliefs and immunization compliance. However, it is clinically significant that the overall compliance rate of 70% in this rural area is much higher than the national average of 50%. Findings suggest that using health education materials at the time of newborn discharge, mailing reminder cards, and accessing a statewide computer recall system may increase immunization compliance. In addition, mothers who perceived a vulnerability to the diseases had a 60.6% compliance rate, suggesting that perception of vulnerability may be a useful predictor of immunization compliance.
这项描述性研究的目的是确定人口统计学变量以及母亲对八种传染病的感知易感性与免疫接种依从性之间的关系。通过传染病感知易感性量表和研究者编制的人口统计学数据收集工具，对由40名有4至24个月大学龄前儿童的母亲组成的随机样本进行了访谈。数据采用描述性统计和卡方检验（p≤0.05）进行分析。样本中的母亲平均为白人，接受过十年级至十二年级教育，年龄在24至31岁之间，年收入为10,000美元至45,000美元。从统计学角度来看，母亲的特征之间以及母亲的易感性信念与免疫接种依从性之间均无显著关系。然而，具有临床意义的是，该农村地区70%的总体依从率远高于50%的全国平均水平。研究结果表明，在新生儿出院时使用健康教育材料、邮寄提醒卡以及接入全州范围的计算机召回系统可能会提高免疫接种依从性。此外，认为自己对这些疾病易感的母亲的依从率为60.6%，这表明对易感性的认知可能是免疫接种依从性的一个有用预测指标。
