White R G, Raabe O G, Culbertson M R, Parks N J, Samuels S J, Rosenblatt L S
Laboratory for Energy-Related Health Research (LEHR), Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of California, Davis 95616.
Radiat Res. 1993 Nov;136(2):178-89.
A total of 66 primary bone sarcomas were diagnosed in 47 beagles; 43 of these dogs were part of the 403 beagles fed 90Sr and 4 were part of the 162 controls. Multiple primary bone sarcomas were found in 15 of the 47 beagles (32%). The incidence of multiple primary bone sarcoma was restricted to the two highest dose groups, except for a single control dog which developed two bone sarcomas. A threshold-like radiation dose response was observed; no sarcomas were observed in the lowest three dose groups, but the number of primary bone sarcomas increased rapidly in the higher dose groups. Of the 66 primary sarcomas, 49 were osteosarcomas (74%). As the dose increased, the proportion of osteosarcomas increased sharply, 4/10 (40%), 26/29 (90%), and 16/18 (89%), in the three highest dose groups. Thirteen of the bone sarcomas of other types occurred in males, and 4 in females, whereas 21 osteosarcomas occurred in males, and 28 in females. The ratio of bone sarcomas of the appendicular skeleton to those in the axial skeleton was 40:26, with osteosarcomas occurring more often in the appendicular than the axial skeleton (32:17), whereas nonosteogenic tumors showed no predilection (8:9). A statistical study of the distribution of bone sarcomas among 16 separate bone groups showed a correlation only with the distribution of cancellous bone volume-to-surface ratio and not with either skeletal mass distribution or dose distribution. The highest occurrence of sarcomas was in the humeri, femora, and mandible, and no occurrence in the coccygeal vertebrae, paws, or sternum. It is postulated that the distribution of bone sarcomas reflects a critical combination of the osteosarcoma precursor cell population, their cell division rate, and the radiation dose absorbed by these cells.
在47只比格犬中总共诊断出66例原发性骨肉瘤；其中43只犬属于403只喂食90Sr的比格犬，4只犬属于162只对照犬。47只比格犬中有15只（32%）发现了多发性原发性骨肉瘤。多发性原发性骨肉瘤的发生率仅限于两个最高剂量组，除了一只对照犬发生了两处骨肉瘤。观察到一种类似阈值的辐射剂量反应；在最低的三个剂量组中未观察到肉瘤，但在较高剂量组中原发性骨肉瘤的数量迅速增加。在66例原发性肉瘤中，49例为骨肉瘤（74%）。随着剂量增加，三个最高剂量组中骨肉瘤的比例急剧上升，分别为4/10（40%）、26/29（90%）和16/18（89%）。其他类型的骨肉瘤中，13例发生在雄性犬，4例发生在雌性犬，而骨肉瘤中21例发生在雄性犬，28例发生在雌性犬。附肢骨骼骨肉瘤与轴向骨骼骨肉瘤的比例为40:26，骨肉瘤在附肢骨骼中比在轴向骨骼中更常见（32:17），而非成骨性肿瘤则无偏好（8:9）。对16个独立骨组中骨肉瘤分布的统计研究表明，仅与松质骨体积与表面积比的分布相关，而与骨骼质量分布或剂量分布均无关。肉瘤发生率最高的部位是肱骨、股骨和下颌骨，尾椎、爪子或胸骨未发生肉瘤。据推测，骨肉瘤的分布反映了骨肉瘤前体细胞群体、它们的细胞分裂率以及这些细胞吸收的辐射剂量的关键组合。
