Aasheim B, Ogaard B
Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Norway.
Scand J Dent Res. 1993 Oct;101(5):257-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.1993.tb01115.x.
The present study reports on the prevalence of hypodontia in a Norwegian population and classifies children with hypodontia according to need of orthodontic treatment. Orthopantomograms of 1953 children (960 girls and 993 boys) at the age of 9 were available for examination. Of the boys registered with hypodontia of second premolars at the age of 9, 11.3% showed late mineralization between the ages of 9 and 12. Only 2.9% of the girls showed late mineralization. The corrected prevalence of hypodontia, excluding third molars, in the girls was 7.2%, in the boys 5.8%, and in both sexes combined 6.5%, the difference between sexes not being statistically significant. Of the children with hypodontia, 86.6% lacked only one or two permanent teeth. The most frequently missing teeth were the mandibular second premolars, the maxillary second premolars, and the maxillary lateral incisors, in that order. Classification of children with hypodontia according to need of orthodontic treatment showed that about two-thirds had hypodontia only of single posterior teeth with a moderate need of treatment. About one-third had hypodontia involving anterior teeth, and only 3.1% had hypodontia of two or more teeth in the same quadrant with a great need of treatment.
本研究报告了挪威人群中缺牙症的患病率，并根据正畸治疗需求对缺牙症儿童进行了分类。共有1953名9岁儿童（960名女孩和993名男孩）的口腔全景片可供检查。在9岁时登记有第二前磨牙缺牙症的男孩中，11.3%在9至12岁之间出现矿化延迟。只有2.9%的女孩出现矿化延迟。排除第三磨牙后，女孩缺牙症的校正患病率为7.2%，男孩为5.8%，男女合计为6.5%，性别差异无统计学意义。在缺牙症儿童中，86.6%仅缺失一颗或两颗恒牙。最常缺失的牙齿依次为下颌第二前磨牙、上颌第二前磨牙和上颌侧切牙。根据正畸治疗需求对缺牙症儿童进行分类显示，约三分之二仅为单个后牙缺牙症，治疗需求适中。约三分之一的患者前牙有缺牙症，只有3.1%的患者同一象限有两颗或更多牙齿缺牙症，治疗需求很大。
