Hikichi T, Trempe C L
Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114.
Am J Ophthalmol. 1993 Dec 15;116(6):708-12. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(14)73470-1.
We studied 169 eyes of 149 patients with a full-thickness idiopathic macular hole to ascertain the risk factors of enlargement of the hole or the surrounding retinal detachment and subsequent decreased visual acuity. Eyes were divided as follows: group A, 48 eyes with no posterior vitreous detachment and a hole 400 microns or smaller; group B, 77 eyes with no posterior vitreous detachment and a hole 400 microns or larger; group C, 13 eyes with posterior vitreous detachment and a hole 400 microns or smaller; group D, 31 eyes with posterior vitreous detachment and a hole 400 microns or larger. In group A, the macular hole enlarged in 37 eyes (77%); the retinal detachment enlarged in 35 eyes (73%); and visual acuity decreased by two or more Snellen lines in 28 eyes (58%). These percentages were significantly higher than those in group B (P = .01, P = .01, and P = .01, respectively), group C (P = .02, P = .01, and P = .01, respectively), and group D (P = .01, P = .05, and P = .01, respectively). Eyes without posterior vitreous detachment with a full-thickness idiopathic macular hole 400 microns or smaller may have a greater risk of an enlarged macular hole, surrounding retinal detachment, and subsequent visual loss.
我们对149例患有特发性全层黄斑裂孔患者的169只眼睛进行了研究，以确定黄斑裂孔扩大、周围视网膜脱离以及随后视力下降的危险因素。眼睛被分为以下几组：A组，48只眼睛无玻璃体后脱离且裂孔为400微米或更小；B组，77只眼睛无玻璃体后脱离且裂孔为400微米或更大；C组，13只眼睛有玻璃体后脱离且裂孔为400微米或更小；D组，31只眼睛有玻璃体后脱离且裂孔为400微米或更大。在A组中，37只眼睛（77%）黄斑裂孔扩大；35只眼睛（73%）视网膜脱离扩大；28只眼睛（58%）视力下降两行或更多Snellen视力表行数。这些百分比显著高于B组（分别为P = 0.01、P = 0.01和P = 0.01）、C组（分别为P = 0.02、P = 0.01和P = 0.01）和D组（分别为P = 0.01、P = 0.05和P = 0.01）。患有400微米或更小的特发性全层黄斑裂孔且无玻璃体后脱离的眼睛，黄斑裂孔扩大、周围视网膜脱离以及随后视力丧失的风险可能更高。
