Van Hemmen J J
Department of Occupational Health and Hygiene, TNO Medical Biological Laboratory, Rijswijk, The Netherlands.
Ann Occup Hyg. 1993 Oct;37(5):541-64. doi: 10.1093/annhyg/37.5.541.
The health risk to the agricultural worker using pesticides is important for registration procedures since during mixing, loading and application he or she handles undiluted as well as diluted pesticide formulations. Furthermore, exposure may occur during daily activities in the crop (e.g. harvesting). Possible exposure may reach levels that lead to excessive health risks depending on the toxicity of the pesticide. In such cases measures to ensure safe handling have to be prescribed. In the present paper the published data, based on exposure occurring in agricultural practice, are considered for extrapolation to obtain surrogate exposure levels for risk assessment in registration procedures. The criteria necessary for the input of exposure data in data-bases, and the scope for extrapolation and its drawbacks, will be discussed. The various exposure models that have been described will be discussed and compared, and illustrated with a few cases.
对于农药登记程序而言，农业工人使用农药时面临的健康风险至关重要，因为在混合、装载和施用过程中，他们要处理未稀释以及已稀释的农药制剂。此外，在作物日常作业（如收割）期间也可能发生接触。根据农药的毒性，可能的接触程度可能会达到导致过度健康风险的水平。在这种情况下，必须规定确保安全操作的措施。在本文中，基于农业实践中发生的接触情况所发表的数据被用于外推，以获取登记程序中风险评估的替代接触水平。将讨论在数据库中输入接触数据所需的标准、外推的范围及其缺点。还将讨论和比较已描述的各种接触模型，并通过一些案例进行说明。
