Lindholm L, Eriksson K
Faculty of Social and Caring Sciences, University of Abo Akademi, Vasa, Finland.
J Adv Nurs. 1993 Sep;18(9):1354-61. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1993.18091354.x.
The purpose of this study is to help understand what suffering is, i.e. how patients and nurses describe suffering, and how suffering can be alleviated. The study has a descriptive-explorative design and its approach is phenomenological-hermeneutical. The informant (research group) are 11 nurses (nurses, doctors, hospital theologians) and five patients in a social-psychiatric nursing unit, based on Christian ideology. The results of the study show that the 'what' of suffering is unclear. The nurses tend to describe more the 'why' of suffering, i.e. the reason for suffering. The what of suffering is pain, fear, despair, lack of strength. It is a form of lack of freedom and non-motion. It is a struggle between wanting and knowing, between guilt and responsibility. The form of suffering tends to mould the caring relation. To be touched in some way by another in a meeting can alleviate the deepest suffering. Compassion will always alleviate suffering.
本研究的目的是帮助理解痛苦是什么，即患者和护士如何描述痛苦，以及痛苦如何得以缓解。该研究采用描述性探索性设计，其方法是现象学诠释学的。基于基督教意识形态，研究对象（研究群体）是社会精神科护理单元的11名护士（护士、医生、医院神学家）和5名患者。研究结果表明，痛苦的“是什么”并不明确。护士们倾向于更多地描述痛苦的“为什么”，即痛苦的原因。痛苦的“是什么”是疼痛、恐惧、绝望、缺乏力量。它是一种缺乏自由和静止不动的形式。它是欲望与认知之间、罪恶与责任之间的斗争。痛苦的形式往往塑造着关怀关系。在相遇中被他人以某种方式触动可以缓解最深的痛苦。同情总能减轻痛苦。
