Spicer C W, Kenny D V, Ward G F, Billick I H
Battelle, Columbus, OH 43201-2693.
Air Waste. 1993 Nov;43(11):1479-85. doi: 10.1080/1073161x.1993.10467221.
Recent research has demonstrated that nitrogen oxides are transformed to nitrogen acids in indoor environments, and that significant concentrations of nitrous acid are present in indoor air. The purpose of the study reported in this paper has been to investigate the sources, chemical transformations and lifetimes of nitrogen oxides and nitrogen acids under the conditions existing in buildings. An unoccupied single family residence was instrumented for monitoring of NO, NO2, NOy, HONO, HNO3, CO, temperature, relative humidity, and air exchange rate. For some experiments, NO2 and HONO were injected into the house to determine their removal rates and lifetimes. Other experiments investigated the emissions and transformations of nitrogen species from unvented natural gas appliances. We determined that HONO is formed by both direct emissions from combustion processes and reaction of NO2 with surfaces present indoors. Equilibrium considerations influence the relative contributions of these two sources to the indoor burden of HONO. We determined that the lifetimes of trace nitrogen species varied in the order NO approximately HONO > NO2 > HNO3. The lifetimes with respect to reactive processes are on the order of hours for NO and HONO, about an hour for NO2, and 30 minutes or less for HNO3. The rapid removal of NO2 and long lifetime of HONO suggest that HONO may represent a significant fraction of the oxidized nitrogen burden in indoor air.
近期研究表明，氮氧化物在室内环境中会转化为氮酸，且室内空气中存在显著浓度的亚硝酸。本文所报道研究的目的是调查建筑物内现有条件下氮氧化物和氮酸的来源、化学转化过程及寿命。对一栋无人居住的单户住宅进行了仪器安装，以监测一氧化氮（NO）、二氧化氮（NO₂）、总氧化氮（NOy）、亚硝酸（HONO）、硝酸（HNO₃）、一氧化碳（CO）、温度、相对湿度及空气交换率。在一些实验中，向房屋内注入二氧化氮和亚硝酸以确定它们的去除率和寿命。其他实验则研究了无通风口的天然气器具中氮物种的排放和转化。我们确定，亚硝酸是由燃烧过程的直接排放以及二氧化氮与室内存在的表面反应形成的。平衡因素影响这两种来源对室内亚硝酸负担的相对贡献。我们确定，痕量氮物种的寿命按一氧化氮约等于亚硝酸＞二氧化氮＞硝酸的顺序变化。一氧化氮和亚硝酸相对于反应过程的寿命约为数小时，二氧化氮约为一小时，硝酸则为30分钟或更短。二氧化氮的快速去除和亚硝酸的长寿命表明，亚硝酸可能占室内空气中氧化氮负担的很大一部分。
