Geffen G, Bate A, Wright M, Rozenbilds U, Geffen L
Department of Psychology and Queensland Health, St. Lucia, Australia.
Dementia. 1993 Sep-Oct;4(5):294-300. doi: 10.1159/000107336.
General cognitive function and specific language and memory processing abilities were compared in dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT), depressed and normal control subjects. Several tests clearly differentiated between DAT and depressed subjects including a verbal fluency task, several components of a word memory test, an IQ deterioration index, and the Mini-Mental State Examination. The inability of DAT subjects to take advantage of semantic cues in both the verbal fluency and in the memory test contrasted with the performance of depressed and normal subjects, who were able to benefit from semantic cues. Depressed patients displayed deficits compared with normal controls on the more effortful verbal fluency task but not on the memory test. Tasks that are least effortful, rely on semantic associations, and require declarative memory are most likely to discriminate between DAT and depression.
对阿尔茨海默型痴呆（DAT）患者、抑郁症患者及正常对照者的一般认知功能以及特定的语言和记忆处理能力进行了比较。多项测试能清晰地区分DAT患者和抑郁症患者，包括一项语言流畅性任务、单词记忆测试的几个部分、智商衰退指数以及简易精神状态检查表。DAT患者在语言流畅性任务和记忆测试中都无法利用语义线索，这与能够从语义线索中获益的抑郁症患者和正常受试者的表现形成对比。与正常对照组相比，抑郁症患者在更费力的语言流畅性任务上表现出缺陷，但在记忆测试中没有。最不费力、依赖语义联想且需要陈述性记忆的任务最有可能区分DAT和抑郁症。
