Sindlinger J F, Soucy D M, Greene S P, Barber A E, Illner H, Shires G T
Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock 79430.
Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1993 Dec;177(6):545-50.
In the present study, the effects of early isotonic fluid resuscitation on uncontrolled hemorrhage in rats under pentobarbital anesthesia were assessed. Forty-five female Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing between 230 and 295 grams, were anesthetized and cannulated. Uncontrolled hemorrhage was initiated by a 75 percent tail resection, and the rats were randomly divided into three groups: group 1, no resuscitation; groups 2 and 3, saline solution administration over a four minute interval (40 and 80 milliliters per kilogram, respectively), 15 minutes after the initial hemorrhage. Changes in blood pressure, blood loss and mortality rates were recorded and the rats were observed for up to 360 minutes. The mortality rates were 73, 40 and 53 percent for groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The corresponding average survival times for these groups were 135, 195 and 178 minutes. The difference between groups 1 and 2 were above the 95 percent confidence level using the chi-square test (mortality) and the Student's t test. The average total blood loss in groups 2 and 3 was 31.7 and 41.4 milliliters per kilogram of body weight; when compared with group 1 (24.6 milliliters per kilogram), the difference between the two latter groups (1 and 3) was statistically significant with a p < 0.001. These results suggest that early infusion of isotonic fluid improves survival time and reduces short term mortality in uncontrolled hemorrhage regardless of the associated increases in blood loss.
在本研究中，评估了早期等渗液体复苏对戊巴比妥麻醉下大鼠失控性出血的影响。45只体重在230至295克之间的雌性斯普拉格-道利大鼠被麻醉并插管。通过75%的尾部切除引发失控性出血，这些大鼠被随机分为三组：第1组，不进行复苏；第2组和第3组，在初始出血15分钟后，在4分钟内分别给予生理盐水（每千克体重40和80毫升）。记录血压、失血量和死亡率的变化，并对大鼠观察长达360分钟。第1、2和3组的死亡率分别为73%、40%和53%。这些组相应的平均存活时间分别为135、195和178分钟。使用卡方检验（死亡率）和学生t检验，第1组和第2组之间的差异高于95%置信水平。第2组和第3组的平均总失血量分别为每千克体重31.7和41.4毫升；与第1组（每千克体重24.6毫升）相比，后两组（第1组和第3组）之间的差异具有统计学意义，p<0.001。这些结果表明，早期输注等渗液体可改善存活时间并降低失控性出血的短期死亡率，无论失血量是否相应增加。
