[Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for postoperative pain relief. A prospective observational study for evaluating the technology in a ward routine].

Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is rarely used on surgical wards despite described advantages of this method as compared to conventional techniques. Uncertainties in patient selection and insufficient evaluation of this technique may explain these circumstances. The aim of our study was to evaluate PCA on general surgery and traumatology wards by means of standardized criteria for technology assessment (i.e. safety, practicability, benefit for patients and medical staff) and the efficacy of pain relief. In a prospective study we investigated 120 patients. In phase I, we performed analgesic therapy with tramadol/metamizol (50 ASA status I-IV patients). In phase II, piritramid had been applied to 70 ASA status I-II patients after an intermediate analysis of phase I. In 7% of the patients technical problems led to an early interruption even at the end of the study period. There were, however, no incidents which caused vital problems for the patients. A mean postoperative pain level of 55 visual analogue scale points (0-100 point scale) was achieved with tramadol/metamizol. PCA was stopped in 16% of the patients due to the occurrence of nausea or vomiting and in two patients due to insufficient pain relief. The use of piritramid in phase II led to lower pain levels and no interruptions of PCA because of ineffectivity or nausea/vomiting.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)