Florentine M, Reed C M, Rabinowitz W M, Braida L D, Durlach N I, Buus S
Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139.
J Acoust Soc Am. 1993 Nov;94(5):2575-86. doi: 10.1121/1.407369.
Intensity discrimination of pulsed tones (also called level discrimination) was measured as a function of level in 13 listeners with sensorineural hearing impairment of primarily cochlear origin, one listener with a vestibular schwannoma, and six listeners with normal hearing. Measurements were also made in normal ears presented with masking noise spectrally shaped to produce audiograms similar to those of the cochlearly impaired listeners. For unilateral impairments, tests were made at the same frequency in the normal and impaired ears. For bilateral-sloping impairments, tests were made at different frequencies in the same ear. The normal listeners showed results similar to other data in the literature. The listener with a vestibular schwannoma showed greatly reduced intensity resolution, except at a few levels. For listeners with recruiting sensorineural impairments, the results are discussed according to the configuration of the impairment and are compared across configurations at equal SPL, equal SL, and equal loudness level. Listeners with increasing hearing losses at frequencies above the test frequency generally showed impaired resolution, especially at high levels, and less deviation from Weber's law than normal listeners. Listeners with decreasing hearing loss at frequencies above the test frequency showed nearly normal intensity-resolution functions. Whereas these trends are generally present, there are also large differences among individuals. Results obtained from normal listeners who were tested in the presence of masking noise indicate that elevated thresholds and reduced dynamic range account for some, but not all, of the effects of recruiting sensorineural impairment on intensity resolution.
对13名主要为耳蜗性起源的感音神经性听力损失患者、1名前庭神经鞘瘤患者以及6名听力正常者，测量了脉冲音的强度辨别（也称为声级辨别）作为声级的函数。还对正常耳朵进行了测量，这些耳朵呈现出经频谱整形的掩蔽噪声，以产生与耳蜗性听力受损患者相似的听力图。对于单侧损伤，在正常耳和受损耳的相同频率下进行测试。对于双侧斜坡型损伤，在同一耳的不同频率下进行测试。听力正常者的结果与文献中的其他数据相似。前庭神经鞘瘤患者的强度分辨能力大幅下降，除了在少数几个声级。对于具有重振性感音神经性损伤的患者，根据损伤的形态对结果进行了讨论，并在相同声压级、相同感觉级和相同响度级下对不同形态的结果进行了比较。在测试频率以上频率听力损失增加的患者通常表现出分辨能力受损，尤其是在高声级时，并且与正常听者相比，偏离韦伯定律的程度较小。在测试频率以上频率听力损失减少的患者表现出几乎正常的强度分辨函数。虽然这些趋势普遍存在，但个体之间也存在很大差异。在存在掩蔽噪声的情况下对听力正常者进行测试所获得的结果表明，阈值升高和动态范围减小在一定程度上，但并非全部，解释了重振性感音神经性损伤对强度分辨的影响。
