Kühne J H, Refior H J
Orthopädische Klinik der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München.
Unfallchirurgie. 1993 Oct;19(5):313-7. doi: 10.1007/BF02588128.
Recently, the availability of bone allografts has declined dramatically, due to the three-month HIV test which is often difficult to obtain. Accordingly, there is a search for methods to inactivate HIV in bone allografts without compromising the biologic quality of the grafts. Chemical substances require long exposure and desorption times, to ensure that no toxic agents remain within the bone before actual transplantation. X-ray inactivation leads to complete loss of any osteoinductive properties of the allografts, according to some authors. In addition, the high doses that are necessary are difficult to apply. Autoclaving has been practiced in some instances, but all experimental results and some more recent clinical observations warn that osteoinductive properties of the allografts are lost during the autoclaving process. Lower temperatures (56 degrees C) are sufficient to warrant inactivation of HIV, and some experimental results and preliminary clinical observations indicate that moderate heat treatment of bone allografts in a water bath may become a useful method for virus inactivation of bone allografts.
最近，由于常常难以获得为期三个月的艾滋病毒检测结果，骨同种异体移植的可获得性急剧下降。因此，人们正在寻找在不损害移植物生物学质量的情况下使骨同种异体移植物中的艾滋病毒失活的方法。化学物质需要长时间的暴露和脱附时间，以确保在实际移植前骨内没有残留有毒物质。据一些作者称，X射线灭活会导致同种异体移植物的任何骨诱导特性完全丧失。此外，所需的高剂量难以应用。在某些情况下已经采用了高压灭菌法，但所有实验结果和一些最新的临床观察都警告说，同种异体移植物的骨诱导特性在高压灭菌过程中会丧失。较低的温度（56摄氏度）足以保证艾滋病毒失活，一些实验结果和初步临床观察表明，在水浴中对骨同种异体移植物进行适度热处理可能成为使骨同种异体移植物病毒失活的一种有用方法。
