Koticha K K, Nair P R
Bull World Health Organ. 1976;54(1):67-77.
Leprosy control measures adopted in Bombay consist of health education, case-detection, and treatment, and are carried out mainly by the Acworth Leprosy Hospital and its subsidiary, the Greater Bombay Leprosy Control Scheme. Although the data collected on different aspects of leprosy during the 10-year period 1963-72 are hospital-based and retrospective, their analysis provides a useful indicator of the possible situation in the field. Health education is provided by medical social workers, field staff, and physicians, and the significance of this activity in relation to early detection of leprosy is analysed. It is shown, however, that case-holding is a more urgent priority than case-detection. Trials have confirmed the effectiveness of chemoprophylaxis with dapsone for contacts of infectious index cases in crowded households. Comparison of annual expenditure per outpatient in leprosy clinics with that for inpatients in a leprosy hospital demonstrates greater cost-effectiveness of outpatient treatment. Some practical recommendations are made for leprosy control.
孟买采取的麻风病控制措施包括健康教育、病例发现和治疗，主要由阿克沃思麻风病医院及其附属机构大孟买麻风病控制计划实施。虽然1963年至1972年这10年间收集的关于麻风病不同方面的数据是以医院为基础的回顾性数据，但对其分析可为该领域的可能情况提供有用指标。医学社会工作者、现场工作人员和医生提供健康教育，并分析了这项活动与麻风病早期发现的关系。然而，结果表明，控制现有病例比发现新病例更为紧迫。试验已证实，对拥挤家庭中传染性指数病例的接触者采用氨苯砜进行化学预防是有效的。将麻风病门诊患者的年度支出与麻风病医院住院患者的年度支出进行比较，结果表明门诊治疗的成本效益更高。文中针对麻风病控制提出了一些实际建议。
