Fuchs T, Meinert A, Aberer W, Bahmer F A, Peters K P, Lischka G G, Schulze-Dirks A, Enders F, Frosch P J
Universitäts-Hautkliniken in Göttingen.
Hautarzt. 1993 Nov;44(11):699-702.
At eight dermatological clinics, a total of 2146 patients were tested between May 1990 and December 1991 to determine the significance of the preservative benzalkonium chloride in inducing allergic contact dermatitis and to evaluate recommendations for patch testing. In 225 cases an allergic reaction was proven, with 258 irritant reactions in addition. Only 12 cases were clinically relevant. Therefore, benzalkonium chloride is considered a weak allergen. A doubtful (erythema) or an incipient positive (with occasional papules) reaction may be regarded as an irritant reaction. In isolated cases a "repeated open application test" (ROAT) should be applied to determine clinical relevance. Our recommendation for patch testing is 0.1% benzalkonium chloride in vaseline, and also in water for special cases.
在1990年5月至1991年12月期间，八家皮肤科诊所对总共2146名患者进行了检测，以确定防腐剂苯扎氯铵在引发过敏性接触性皮炎中的重要性，并评估斑贴试验的建议。在225例病例中证实有过敏反应，另外还有258例刺激性反应。只有12例具有临床相关性。因此，苯扎氯铵被认为是一种弱过敏原。可疑（红斑）或初期阳性（偶尔有丘疹）反应可被视为刺激性反应。在个别情况下，应进行“重复开放应用试验”（ROAT）以确定临床相关性。我们建议的斑贴试验制剂是凡士林剂型的1%苯扎氯铵，特殊情况也可使用水剂。
