人类乙醇中毒的逆转：普萘洛尔疗效评估

Reversal of ethanol intoxications in humans: an assessment of the efficacy of propranolol.

作者信息

Alkana R L, Parker E S, Cohen H B, Birch H, Noble E P

出版信息

Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1976 Dec 21;51(1):29-37. doi: 10.1007/BF00426317.

Abstract

The effect of post-ethanol ingestion of a single dose of propranolol on acute intoxication was studied in 13 healthy male volunteers. A within subjects, double-blind, crossover design was employed. Each subject participated in two experimental sessions. In each session, subjects took a battery of tests under three conditions: Sober, Alcohol (0.8 g/kg) and Alcohol (1.1 g/kg) + Pill, in that order. The pill contained propranolol (40 mg) in one session and placebo in the other. Ethanol significantly reduced motor coordination, memory and divided attention performance and altered mood scores. Propranolol significantly increased ethanol's effects on divided attention, inebriation ratings and the electroencephalogram without significantly altering blood alcohol concentrations. There was no indication that propranolol antagonized any of ethanol's effects. These results agree with studies indicating that ethanol's effects are increased by a reduction in the functional capacity of central catecholamine systems. It is suggested that central catecholamine-stimulating drugs may reverse some of ethanol's effects.

摘要

在13名健康男性志愿者中研究了单剂量普萘洛尔在摄入乙醇后对急性中毒的影响。采用受试者内双盲交叉设计。每个受试者参加两个实验环节。在每个环节中，受试者在三种条件下进行一系列测试：清醒、酒精（0.8 g/kg）和酒精（1.1 g/kg）+药丸，顺序依次如此。药丸在一个环节中含有普萘洛尔（40毫克），在另一个环节中含有安慰剂。乙醇显著降低了运动协调性、记忆力和注意力分散表现，并改变了情绪评分。普萘洛尔显著增强了乙醇对注意力分散、醉酒程度评级和脑电图的影响，而没有显著改变血液酒精浓度。没有迹象表明普萘洛尔能拮抗乙醇的任何作用。这些结果与表明中枢儿茶酚胺系统功能能力降低会增强乙醇作用的研究一致。有人提出，中枢儿茶酚胺刺激药物可能会逆转乙醇的一些作用。