乳腺钼靶筛查使用情况的变化：来自1987年和1990年全国健康访谈调查的证据。
Changes in the use of screening mammography: evidence from the 1987 and 1990 National Health Interview Surveys.
作者信息
Breen N, Kessler L
机构信息
Applied Research Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1994 Jan;84(1):62-7. doi: 10.2105/ajph.84.1.62.
OBJECTIVES
Mammography rates reported by women in the National Health Interview Surveys of 1990 and 1987 are examined. Why this screening modality is not more frequently used is explored.
METHODS
Data from the 1987 and 1990 National Health Interview Surveys, conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics, are cross-tabulated and compared.
RESULTS
In 1987, approximately 17% of women over 40 years of age reported having had a screening mammogram in the previous year. In 1990, the rate doubled. Race declined in importance; income and education remained strong, positive predictors of screening.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite this dramatic increase, two thirds of women are not having screening mammograms. Use was not higher primarily because women did not realize that screening mammography tests for breast cancer in asymptomatic women. Primary care physicians are the main source of health education for screening mammography. The data suggest that public health programs to promote screening mammography should especially target primary care physicians and women with low incomes and education. Likewise, health care providers should ensure that their patients are referred to facilities that deliver high-quality mammography at low cost to make the procedure more accessible.
目的
对1990年和1987年全国健康访谈调查中女性报告的乳房X光检查率进行研究。探讨为何这种筛查方式未得到更频繁的使用。
方法
由国家卫生统计中心开展的1987年和1990年全国健康访谈调查数据进行交叉制表并比较。
结果
1987年，约17%的40岁以上女性报告上一年进行过乳房X光筛查。1990年，这一比率翻了一番。种族因素的重要性下降；收入和教育程度仍是乳房X光筛查的有力、正向预测因素。
结论
尽管有如此显著的增长，但仍有三分之二的女性未进行乳房X光筛查。使用率不高主要是因为女性没有意识到乳房X光检查是针对无症状女性进行乳腺癌筛查的。初级保健医生是乳房X光筛查健康教育的主要来源。数据表明，促进乳房X光筛查的公共卫生项目应特别针对初级保健医生以及低收入和低教育程度的女性。同样，医疗服务提供者应确保将患者转诊至能以低成本提供高质量乳房X光检查的机构，以使该检查更容易获得。
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