Pinto J M, Garpestad E, Weiss J W, Bergau D M, Kirby D A
Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1993 Oct;75(4):1439-43. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1993.75.4.1439.
To study the effects of airway obstruction (AWO) and arousal on coronary blood flow, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate, pigs were chronically instrumented with arterial catheters, Doppler flow probes on the left circumflex coronary artery, and electrodes for determination of sleep stages. A modified tracheostomy tube was placed in the trachea to obstruct the upper airway during sleep sessions. In control studies, during non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep, MAP was 84 +/- 2 mmHg before AWO and increased by 5 +/- 2 mmHg on arousal. MAP was lower during rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep (62 +/- 2 mmHg), and the increase on arousal was fourfold greater (22 +/- 2 mmHg). Heart rate was similar in both sleep stages (NREM: 120 +/- 4 beats/min; REM: 124 +/- 5 beats/min) and increased significantly on arousal (NREM: 12 +/- 2 beats/min; REM: 18 +/- 1 beats/min). Coronary blood flow was similar during both stages (NREM: 43 +/- 4 ml/min; REM: 46 +/- 8 ml/min) and increased by 12-15% on arousal. Coronary vascular resistance index increased significantly by 24% on arousal from AWO during REM sleep. All increases and decreases were significant at P < 0.05. Receptor blockade studies were performed to assess alpha-adrenergic receptor involvement.
为研究气道阻塞（AWO）和觉醒对冠状动脉血流量、平均动脉压（MAP）及心率的影响，对猪进行长期仪器植入，包括动脉导管、左回旋冠状动脉上的多普勒血流探头以及用于确定睡眠阶段的电极。在睡眠期间，将改良的气管切开管置于气管中以阻塞上气道。在对照研究中，在非快速眼动（NREM）睡眠期间，AWO前MAP为84±2 mmHg，觉醒时升高5±2 mmHg。快速眼动（REM）睡眠期间MAP较低（62±2 mmHg），觉醒时升高幅度大四倍（22±2 mmHg）。两个睡眠阶段的心率相似（NREM：120±4次/分钟；REM：124±5次/分钟），觉醒时显著增加（NREM：12±2次/分钟；REM：18±1次/分钟）。两个阶段的冠状动脉血流量相似（NREM：43±4毫升/分钟；REM：46±8毫升/分钟），觉醒时增加12 - 15%。REM睡眠期间，从AWO觉醒时冠状动脉血管阻力指数显著增加24%。所有增减在P < 0.05时均具有显著性。进行受体阻断研究以评估α - 肾上腺素能受体的参与情况。
