Omino T
Department of Psychology and Pedagogy, Meisei University, Tokyo, Japan.
J Exp Anal Behav. 1993 Nov;60(3):587-94. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1993.60-587.
Pigeons were exposed to a concurrent-chains schedule in which a single variable-interval 30-s schedule was used in the initial links and fixed-time schedules were used in the terminal links. Three types of keylight conditions were used in the terminal links. In the first condition, different delays were associated with different keylight stimuli (cued condition). In the second condition, different delays were associated with the same stimulus, either a blackout (uncued blackout condition) or a white key (uncued white condition). Paired values of terminal-link fixed-time schedules differed by a constant ratio of 3:1, while the absolute value of delays was varied from 3 s to 54 s. The results showed that choice proportions for the shorter of two delays increased when the absolute size of the delays was increased for all keylight conditions. Further, the choice proportions for the shorter delay increased from the uncued blackout condition, to the uncued white condition, to the cued condition. A modified version of Fantino's (1969) delay-reduction model (expressed as a function relating the response ratio to the delay-reduction ratio) can be applied to these data by showing that sensitivity to delay reduction increased from the uncued blackout condition, to the uncued white condition, to the cued condition. Thus, the present study demonstrated that a modified version of the delay-reduction model can be used to assess quantitative differences in the terminal-link keylight condition in terms of sensitivity to delay reduction (i.e., the conditioned reinforcing value of the terminal-link keylight stimuli).
鸽子被置于一个并发链程序中，其中初始链使用单一的30秒可变间隔程序，终端链使用固定时间程序。终端链使用了三种类型的按键灯条件。在第一种条件下，不同的延迟与不同的按键灯刺激相关联（提示条件）。在第二种条件下，不同的延迟与相同的刺激相关联，要么是熄灯（无提示熄灯条件），要么是白色按键（无提示白色条件）。终端链固定时间程序的配对值以3:1的恒定比例不同，而延迟的绝对值从3秒到54秒不等。结果表明，对于所有按键灯条件，当延迟的绝对大小增加时，两种延迟中较短延迟的选择比例增加。此外，较短延迟的选择比例从无提示熄灯条件增加到无提示白色条件，再到提示条件。通过表明对延迟减少的敏感性从无提示熄灯条件增加到无提示白色条件，再到提示条件，可以将Fantino（1969）延迟减少模型的一个修改版本（表示为将反应比例与延迟减少比例相关联的函数）应用于这些数据。因此，本研究表明，延迟减少模型的一个修改版本可用于根据对延迟减少的敏感性（即终端链按键灯刺激的条件强化值）评估终端链按键灯条件的数量差异。
