Jylhä M
Department of Public Health, University of Tampere, Finland.
J Clin Epidemiol. 1994 Jan;47(1):69-79. doi: 10.1016/0895-4356(94)90035-3.
Longitudinal changes and cohort differences from 1979 to 1989 in the use of prescribed and non-prescribed medical drugs were examined and the connections of drug use to various background variables were analysed in the framework of the Tampere Longitudinal Study of Ageing. In the longitudinal study random samples of men and women born in 1900-09 and 1910-19 (738 persons) were interviewed in 1979 and the survivors (62%) were interviewed again in 1989. In the cohort comparison the 60-69-year-olds studied in 1979 (364 persons) were compared with the 60-69-year-olds in 1989 (395 persons). In the longitudinal setting the number of prescribed drugs increased. In 1989 2 or 3 in 10 persons used at least five prescribed drugs simultaneously. In the cohort comparison there were no differences in the number of prescribed drugs between the two groups of 60-69-year-olds. Use was connected with multimorbidity and poor self-rated health. Both the longitudinal comparison in the group born in 1910-19 and the cohort comparison revealed a significant increase in the use of non-prescribed drugs. The use of analgesics was connected with sex, occupational class, self-rated health and feelings of loneliness. In the use of vitamins, no connection was found with health variables, but they were mostly used by white-collar employees and women. However, when all these variables were controlled for, both analgesics and, in particular, vitamins were used more in 1989 than in 1979. The results suggest that the increase in the use of non-prescribed drugs is mainly due to social and historical factors, by changes both in drug policies, health culture and health behaviour of elderly persons.
在坦佩雷老龄化纵向研究的框架内，研究了1979年至1989年期间处方药和非处方药使用情况的纵向变化及队列差异，并分析了药物使用与各种背景变量之间的联系。在纵向研究中，对1900 - 1909年和1910 - 1919年出生的男性和女性随机样本（738人）于1979年进行了访谈，幸存者（62%）于1989年再次接受访谈。在队列比较中，将1979年研究的60 - 69岁人群（364人）与1989年的60 - 69岁人群（395人）进行了比较。在纵向研究中，处方药的使用数量有所增加。1989年，每10人中就有2至3人同时使用至少五种处方药。在队列比较中，两组60 - 69岁人群的处方药使用数量没有差异。药物使用与多种疾病及自我健康评价较差有关。在1910 - 1919年出生的人群中进行的纵向比较以及队列比较均显示，非处方药的使用显著增加。镇痛药的使用与性别、职业阶层、自我健康评价及孤独感有关。在维生素的使用方面，未发现与健康变量有关，但主要使用者为白领员工和女性。然而，在控制了所有这些变量后，1989年镇痛药尤其是维生素的使用比1979年更多。结果表明，非处方药使用的增加主要归因于社会和历史因素，包括药物政策、健康文化以及老年人健康行为的变化。
