Owens W E, Ray C H, Washburn P J
Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Homer.
Zentralbl Veterinarmed B. 1993 Sep;40(7):508-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0450.1993.tb00170.x.
Milk from a mammary gland infected with Staphylococcus aureus Newbould 305 was collected and dispensed into sterile tubes. Selected antibiotics were added at 2, 4, or 32 times the MIC, and the percentage survival of S. aureus at various times through 24 h after addition of each antibiotic was determined. Percentage survival of the same S. aureus strain grown in vitro and added to 1) Mueller-Hinton broth and 2) ultrahigh temperature pasteurized milk with the same concentration of antibiotics was also determined. Percentage survival observed after 24 h in milk from the infected quarter at 2, 4, and 32 times MIC, respectively, were: penicillin: 12, 9.4, and 13%; cephapirin 43, 50, and 30%; erythromycin: 120, 95, and 82%; pirlimycin: > 1000, 148, and 38%; tilmicosin: > 1000, > 1000, and 9%; ciprofloxacin: 458, 6, and 3%; norfloxacin: 40, 10, and < 1%; rifampicin: < 1, < 1, and < 1%; and novobiocin: 20, 41, and 5%. By comparison, percentage survival observed after 24 h for in vitro grown S. aureus tested in Mueller-Hinton broth at 2, 4, and 32 times MIC, respectively, were < 1% for penicillin, cephapirin, pirlimycin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and rifampicin, and < 10% for erythromycin, novobiocin, and tilmicosin. UHT milk had minimal effect on percentage survival compared to Mueller-Hinton broth for S. aureus 305 when tested against penicillin or cephapirin. Increased survival was noted in UHT milk for erythromycin, pirlimycin, and tilmicosin at all antibiotic concentrations and for ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, rifampicin, and novobiocin at 2 times the MIC.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
收集感染了金黄色葡萄球菌纽博尔德305型的乳腺分泌的乳汁，并分装到无菌试管中。分别以最低抑菌浓度（MIC）的2倍、4倍或32倍添加选定的抗生素，并测定添加每种抗生素后24小时内不同时间点金黄色葡萄球菌的存活百分比。还测定了在体外培养并添加到1）穆勒-欣顿肉汤和2）相同抗生素浓度的超高温瞬时灭菌牛奶中的同一金黄色葡萄球菌菌株的存活百分比。在感染乳腺的乳汁中，分别以MIC的2倍、4倍和32倍添加抗生素后，24小时观察到的存活百分比分别为：青霉素：12%、9.4%和13%；头孢匹林：43%、50%和30%；红霉素：120%、95%和82%；吡利霉素：>1000%、148%和38%；替米考星：>1000%、>1000%和9%；环丙沙星：458%、6%和3%；诺氟沙星：40%、10%和<1%；利福平：<1%、<1%和<1%；新霉素：20%、41%和5%。相比之下，在穆勒-欣顿肉汤中以MIC的2倍、4倍和32倍测试体外培养的金黄色葡萄球菌，24小时观察到的存活百分比分别为：青霉素、头孢匹林、吡利霉素、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星和利福平<1%，红霉素、新霉素和替米考星<10%。当针对青霉素或头孢匹林进行测试时，与穆勒-欣顿肉汤相比，超高温瞬时灭菌牛奶对金黄色葡萄球菌305型的存活百分比影响最小。在所有抗生素浓度下，超高温瞬时灭菌牛奶中红霉素、吡利霉素和替米考星以及在MIC的2倍时环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、利福平及新霉素的存活率均有所增加。（摘要截选至250词）
