Creatsas G K
1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens, Greece.
Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 1993 Dec;5(6):774-83.
Adolescent sexual activity is increasing. Premature sexual intercourse results in high figures of adolescent pregnancy and abortion, as well as in increased risk of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Lack of information on the prevention of STDs and poor hygiene in both boys and girls are also main reasons for increased morbidity because of STDs during adolescence. Contraceptive behaviour during adolescence varies between countries and communities. It seems, however, that the condom and oral contraceptives (OC) are popular contraceptive methods. Ineffective methods such as periodic abstinence, coitus interruptus, and withdrawal before ejaculation are in use. On the other hand, compliance of adolescents on contraception is poor. The above are additional causes for increasing rates of adolescent pregnancies. Countries providing sexual education programs in schools present lower rates of pregnancy and abortion. Adolescent pregnancy is safe if a careful follow up is accepted by the teenager. A significant number of homeless youth are homosexuals or lesbian adolescents. Most of them are at high risk for HIV infection, AIDS, and STDs. It is concluded that sexual education programs are absolutely necessary to offer adolescents the knowledge on the complications of premature sexual activity, as well as prevention of the undesired pregnancy and STDs.
青少年性行为呈上升趋势。过早的性交导致青少年怀孕和堕胎的比例居高不下，以及性传播疾病（STD）感染风险增加。青少年缺乏性传播疾病预防知识以及男孩和女孩卫生习惯不良，也是青春期因性传播疾病导致发病率上升的主要原因。青少年的避孕行为在不同国家和社区有所差异。然而，避孕套和口服避孕药（OC）似乎是常用的避孕方法。也有青少年采用诸如定期禁欲、体外射精和射精前抽出等无效方法。另一方面，青少年对避孕措施的依从性较差。上述这些都是青少年怀孕率上升的额外原因。在学校开展性教育项目的国家，怀孕和堕胎率较低。如果青少年接受仔细的跟踪随访，青少年怀孕是安全的。相当一部分无家可归的青少年是同性恋或双性恋。他们中的大多数人感染艾滋病毒、艾滋病和性传播疾病的风险很高。结论是，性教育项目绝对有必要向青少年传授过早性行为的并发症知识，以及预防意外怀孕和性传播疾病的知识。
