Ludlow C L, Yeh J, Cohen L G, Van Pelt F, Rhew K, Hallett M
Voice and Speech Section, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1994 Jan;103(1):16-27. doi: 10.1177/000348949410300103.
The development of new phonosurgical techniques has increased the level of interest in the field of neurolaryngology. This field requires valid techniques for determining if muscle activation is normal. Laryngeal electromyography is being used more frequently to assess muscle innervation and synkinesis. Further, magnetic stimulation has been introduced as a noninvasive technique for nerve stimulation. Technical limitations that affect the clinical utility of both these techniques are reviewed: 1) difficulties obtaining selective and accurate electromyographic laryngeal muscle recordings, 2) normal variation in movement and muscle activation patterns within and between normal individuals when producing the same speech syllables, and 3) variation in laryngeal muscle response latencies between and within normal subjects during peripheral magnetic stimulation. Given the normal variation in laryngeal electromyography and magnetic stimulation response latencies, these techniques may not yet be reliable or accurate for assessing reinnervation or synkinesis following recurrent laryngeal nerve injury.
新的嗓音外科技术的发展提高了神经喉科学领域的关注度。该领域需要有效的技术来确定肌肉激活是否正常。喉肌电图正越来越频繁地用于评估肌肉神经支配和联带运动。此外，磁刺激已作为一种用于神经刺激的非侵入性技术被引入。本文综述了影响这两种技术临床应用的技术局限性：1）难以获得选择性和准确的喉肌肌电图记录；2）正常个体在发出相同语音音节时，其运动和肌肉激活模式在个体内部和个体之间存在正常差异；3）在周围磁刺激期间，正常受试者之间以及个体内部喉肌反应潜伏期存在差异。鉴于喉肌电图和磁刺激反应潜伏期存在正常差异，这些技术在评估喉返神经损伤后的神经再支配或联带运动时可能尚不具备可靠性或准确性。
