Minugh-Purvis N
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Medical College of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19129.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 1993 Dec;92(4):449-61. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1330920404.
Reexamination of the immature Upper Pleistocene hominid maxilla from Mugharet el-'Aliya (Tangier), Morocco is undertaken in light of new evidence on the growth and development of Upper Pleistocene hominids. Metric and qualitative comparisons were made with 17 immature Upper Pleistocene maxillae, and with a recent Homo sapiens sapiens sample. No unambiguous criteria for aligning the maxilla with Neandertals were found, although one character, the degree of maxillary flexion on the zygoma, strongly suggests that this child could be a representative of H.s. sapiens. The probable lack of a canine fossa in Mugharet el-'Aliya 1, the primary criterion used previously to align it with Neandertals, cannot be accurately extrapolated to its adult form from this juvenile. The present evidence suggests that it is inappropriate to refer to this fossil as "Neandertal-like" or as a North African "neandertaloid." Thus, the Tangier maxilla should not be cited as evidence for the presence of Neandertal facial features in North Africa during the Upper Pleistocene.
鉴于有关晚更新世人类生长发育的新证据，对来自摩洛哥丹吉尔穆加雷特·阿里亚洞穴的不成熟的晚更新世人类上颌骨进行了重新研究。对17块不成熟的晚更新世上颌骨以及一组现代智人样本进行了测量和定性比较。尽管有一个特征，即颧骨上的上颌弯曲程度，强烈表明这个孩子可能是现代智人的代表，但未发现将该上颌骨与尼安德特人进行明确比对的标准。穆加雷特·阿里亚1号标本中可能没有犬齿窝，这是之前将其与尼安德特人进行比对的主要标准，但从这个幼年标本无法准确推断其成年后的形态。目前的证据表明，将这块化石称为“类尼安德特人”或北非“类尼安德特人”是不合适的。因此，丹吉尔上颌骨不应被引用来作为晚更新世时期北非存在尼安德特人面部特征的证据。
