Perkins D O, Stern R A, Golden R N, Murphy C, Naftolowitz D, Evans D L
Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill 27599-7160.
Am J Psychiatry. 1994 Feb;151(2):233-6. doi: 10.1176/ajp.151.2.233.
The authors studied the lifetime, initial cross-sectional, and 6-month follow-up prevalence of mood disorders in asymptomatic HIV-infected and uninfected homosexual men who lived in an area with a low prevalence of HIV. They also determined the relationship between current major depression and potential depression risk factors.
Subjects included 98 asymptomatic HIV-infected and 71 uninfected homosexual men. Subjects underwent extensive clinical, psychiatric, neuropsychological, and laboratory evaluations.
Similar proportions of HIV-infected and uninfected subjects reported a lifetime (29% and 45%, respectively), an initial current (8% and 3%), and a 6-month follow-up (9% and 11%) history of major depressive disorder. Anxiety disorders were less common, with similar proportions of HIV-infected and uninfected subjects reporting a lifetime (7% and 13%, respectively), an initial current (3% and 7%), and a 6-month follow-up (2% and 5%) history of anxiety disorders. There were no differences in the severity of mood symptoms between HIV-infected and uninfected subjects. Current major depression at initial visit was significantly associated with lifetime history of major depression but not with neuropsychological function or vitamin B12 level.
These findings are in agreement with previous studies of areas with a high prevalence of HIV. However, the proportion of subjects with mood disorders is high compared with general population studies. Both HIV-infected and uninfected homosexual men may be at high risk for major depression, especially if they have a past history of depression. Moreover, in the asymptomatic stage of HIV infection, major depression does not appear to be secondary to HIV central nervous system effects or low vitamin B12 levels.
作者研究了生活在艾滋病毒低流行地区的无症状艾滋病毒感染和未感染的同性恋男性中情绪障碍的终生患病率、初始横断面患病率和6个月随访患病率。他们还确定了当前重度抑郁症与潜在抑郁症风险因素之间的关系。
研究对象包括98名无症状艾滋病毒感染的同性恋男性和71名未感染的同性恋男性。研究对象接受了广泛的临床、精神、神经心理学和实验室评估。
报告有重度抑郁症终生病史（分别为29%和45%）、初始当前病史（8%和3%）以及6个月随访病史（9%和11%）的艾滋病毒感染和未感染研究对象比例相似。焦虑症不太常见，报告有焦虑症终生病史（分别为7%和13%）、初始当前病史（3%和7%）以及6个月随访病史（2%和5%）的艾滋病毒感染和未感染研究对象比例相似。艾滋病毒感染和未感染研究对象在情绪症状严重程度方面没有差异。初次就诊时的当前重度抑郁症与重度抑郁症终生病史显著相关，但与神经心理学功能或维生素B12水平无关。
这些发现与先前对艾滋病毒高流行地区的研究一致。然而，与一般人群研究相比，情绪障碍研究对象的比例较高。艾滋病毒感染和未感染的同性恋男性都可能有患重度抑郁症的高风险，特别是如果他们有抑郁症病史。此外，在艾滋病毒感染的无症状阶段，重度抑郁症似乎并非继发于艾滋病毒对中枢神经系统的影响或维生素B12水平低。
