Vanakoski J, Strömberg C, Seppälä T
Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1993;45(4):377-81. doi: 10.1007/BF00265959.
The effect of a sauna on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of single doses of ephedrine 50 mg and midazolam 15 mg have been studied in 6 young healthy women in a placebo-controlled, double-blind study. The sauna (3 x 10 min; temperature 80-100 degrees C; relative humidity 30-50%) modified the pharmacokinetics of both drugs: it retarded the absorption of midazolam estimated as Ka values, and it reduced the mean plasma midazolam concentrations at 2 h; ephedrine, was absorbed more rapidly and the maximum plasma concentration occurred earlier than in the control sessions. Changes in the pharmacodynamics due to the sauna were consistent with the pharmacokinetic findings: midazolam decreased flicker recognition and induced exophoria significantly less during the early sauna period than in the control session, whereas ephedrine made the volunteers subjectively more alert at that time. Later, at 2.5 and 3.5 h (1 h 20 min and 2 h 20 min after cessation of the sauna), and despite the equalisation of the plasma levels, midazolam caused significantly more exophoria after the sauna than in the control situation. This indicates an influence of a sauna on drug pharmacodynamics in the post-sauna adaptive phase. The results suggest that exposure to a sauna may alter both drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
在一项安慰剂对照、双盲研究中，对6名年轻健康女性进行了桑拿对单剂量50毫克麻黄碱和15毫克咪达唑仑的药代动力学和药效学影响的研究。桑拿（3次，每次10分钟；温度80 - 100摄氏度；相对湿度30 - 50%）改变了两种药物的药代动力学：它延缓了以Ka值估算的咪达唑仑的吸收，并降低了2小时时咪达唑仑的平均血浆浓度；麻黄碱吸收更快，血浆最大浓度出现时间比对照阶段更早。桑拿引起的药效学变化与药代动力学结果一致：在桑拿早期，咪达唑仑降低闪烁识别和诱发外隐斜的程度明显低于对照阶段，而麻黄碱使志愿者在此期间主观上更加警觉。之后，在2.5小时和3.5小时（停止桑拿后1小时20分钟和2小时20分钟），尽管血浆水平已趋于平衡，但桑拿后咪达唑仑引起的外隐斜比对照情况明显更多。这表明桑拿对桑拿后适应阶段的药物药效学有影响。结果表明，接触桑拿可能会改变药物的药代动力学和药效学。
