Graham C J, Stuemky J, Lera T A
Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City.
Pediatr Emerg Care. 1993 Dec;9(6):329-31. doi: 10.1097/00006565-199312000-00001.
The study objective was to examine emergency medical services (EMS) equipment and training preparedness for pediatric emergencies in Oklahoma. The participants were 202 administrators of licensed EMS agencies in the state of Oklahoma. A mailed questionnaire was used to obtain data from EMS agencies regarding emergency ambulance run characteristics, medical control, equipment, and personnel training. There were 130 questionnaires returned (response rate, 64%). Overall, 4% of EMS emergency runs were for children under 12 years. Family medicine and emergency medicine were the most frequent specialties of medical directors. Fewer services allow personnel to perform endotracheal intubation on children (35 services) than on adults (45 services). Fewer services allow personnel to start intravenous lines on children (40 services) than on adults (47 services). Equipment for pediatric care routinely stocked on ambulances was tabulated. Most services provided intraagency continuing education, but only 71 (54%) included pediatric topics in continuing education. Deficiencies in equipment and training for pediatric emergencies are a common problem for EMS agencies in Oklahoma. Barriers to preparedness include: 1) relative infrequency of pediatric runs and difficulty with maintenance of technical skills, 2) costs associated with increased equipment and training, and 3) hesitancy to allow personnel to perform advanced life support procedures on children.
该研究的目的是调查俄克拉荷马州紧急医疗服务（EMS）机构针对儿科急症的设备及培训准备情况。研究参与者为俄克拉荷马州202家获得许可的EMS机构的管理人员。通过邮寄问卷的方式从EMS机构获取有关急救救护车出诊特征、医疗控制、设备及人员培训的数据。共收回130份问卷（回复率为64%）。总体而言，EMS紧急出诊中4%是针对12岁以下儿童。家庭医学和急诊医学是医疗主任最常涉及的专业领域。允许工作人员对儿童进行气管插管的机构（35家）少于对成人进行气管插管的机构（45家）。允许工作人员为儿童建立静脉通路的机构（40家）少于为成人建立静脉通路的机构（47家）。列出了救护车上常规配备的儿科护理设备。大多数机构提供机构内部的继续教育，但只有71家（54%）在继续教育中纳入了儿科主题。儿科急症的设备和培训不足是俄克拉荷马州EMS机构普遍存在的问题。准备工作面临的障碍包括：1）儿科出诊相对较少以及维持技术技能存在困难；2）增加设备和培训带来的成本；3）对允许工作人员对儿童实施高级生命支持程序存在犹豫。
