Riedel R G
Colorado State University.
Psychol Rep. 1993 Dec;73(3 Pt 1):819-32. doi: 10.2466/pr0.1993.73.3.819.
A study explored influence of pretrial publicity and gender identity on verdicts and severity of sentence in a mock rape trial. Mock jurors and judges were exposed to four pretrial publicity conditions before watching a simulated rape trial. After viewing the trial, jurors rendered a verdict (guilty or not guilty) and judges prescribed a sentence. The Bem Sex-role Inventory was used to analyze gender identity and its relation to verdict and sentencing. Verdicts were not influenced by pretrial publicity, but sentencing was more severe following exposure of mock judges to pretrial publicity about a mistaken acquittal and less severe following exposure of these judges to pretrial publicity about a mistaken conviction. Subjects classified by the Bem inventory as feminine or androgynous rendered a verdict of "guilty" more often than subjects classified as masculine or undifferentiated. Men who rendered verdicts of "guilty" had less confidence in their judgments than men who found the defendant "not guilty." Conversely, women who found the defendant "not guilty" expressed less confidence than women who found the defendant "guilty." The findings are compared and contrasted with similar studies and discussed in regards to gender identity, subjects' characteristics, and mode of presentation.
一项研究探讨了审前宣传和性别认同对模拟强奸审判中判决结果及量刑轻重的影响。模拟陪审员和法官在观看一场模拟强奸审判之前，被置于四种审前宣传条件下。观看审判后，陪审员做出裁决（有罪或无罪），法官进行量刑。使用贝姆性别角色量表来分析性别认同及其与裁决和量刑的关系。裁决不受审前宣传的影响，但在模拟法官接触到关于误判无罪的审前宣传后，量刑更为严厉；而在这些法官接触到关于误判有罪的审前宣传后，量刑则没那么严厉。根据贝姆量表被归类为女性化或双性化的受试者比被归类为男性化或未分化的受试者更常做出“有罪”裁决。做出“有罪”裁决的男性对自己判断的信心低于判定被告“无罪”的男性。相反，判定被告“无罪”的女性比判定被告“有罪”的女性表现出的信心更低。研究结果与类似研究进行了比较和对比，并就性别认同、受试者特征和呈现方式进行了讨论。
