Cohen F L, Nehring W M
College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago 60612.
Public Health Rep. 1994 Jan-Feb;109(1):60-7.
A national study regarding the foster care of children identified as human immunodeficiency virus-positive (HIV-positive) was conducted in 1991. A survey form was sent to the administrators of the State agency responsible for foster care in each State, the District of Columbia, and U.S. Territories for a total sample size of 55. After followup, all 55 responded for a response rate of 100 percent. The number of children in foster care was ascertained for the current year and cumulatively. In 1991, 1,149 HIV-positive children were reported to be in foster care. Most States (49) had a general foster care policy and 21 had specific policies regarding care of a foster child who is HIV-positive. Measures and criteria used for recruitment were examined. In regard to recruitment policies, only seven States mandated recruitment of families specifically for children with HIV and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The major topics covered in training for HIV foster families included confidentiality, behavioral management, working with natural families, emotional factors, separation and loss, and others. Other issues discussed are foster parent training, supplemental services, later adoption possibilities, payments, and the expressed fears and doubts of foster parents caring for HIV-positive children. It is recommended that a national conference address the issues.
1991年开展了一项关于对被确定为人类免疫缺陷病毒阳性（HIV阳性）儿童的寄养情况的全国性研究。一份调查问卷被发送给了负责每个州、哥伦比亚特区和美国各属地寄养事务的州机构管理人员，样本总数为55个。经过跟进，所有55个都做出了回应，回应率为100%。确定了当年及累计的寄养儿童数量。1991年，据报告有1149名HIV阳性儿童处于寄养状态。大多数州（49个）有一般的寄养政策，21个州有关于照顾HIV阳性寄养儿童的具体政策。对用于招募的措施和标准进行了审查。关于招募政策，只有7个州规定专门为患有HIV和获得性免疫缺陷综合征的儿童招募家庭。针对HIV寄养家庭的培训涵盖的主要主题包括保密、行为管理、与原生家庭合作、情感因素、分离和丧失等。讨论的其他问题包括寄养父母培训、补充服务、后期收养可能性、报酬，以及寄养父母照顾HIV阳性儿童所表达的恐惧和疑虑。建议召开一次全国性会议来解决这些问题。
