García-Martos P, Delgado D, Marín P, Mira J
Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Cádiz.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 1993 Nov;11(9):487-9.
Otomycosis is a rare clinical process, with peculiar characteristics concerning its etiology and presentation, depending on the geographic area. In order to determine the most common agents, the clinical and epidemiological aspects in mycotic external otitis, 40 episodes detected during one year period were analyzed.
Forty patients with otomycosis diagnosed (positive microbiological culture) were studied. Fungi were identified in accordance with morphological and biochemical criteria.
Candida parapsilosis (42.9%) and Aspergillus niger (35.7%) were the commonest agents. In three episodes were found associated bacterial flora. The patients were males (60.0%), between the ages of 31-40 (35.0%) and over 50 years old (37.5%). The symptoms were the usual for these processes: serous fluid, otalgia and itching. The majority of the episodes occurred in the summer (57.5%) and autumn (30.0%), due to sea bathing (90.0%), trauma (27.5%) and prior antimicrobial treatment (40.0%).
Candida parapsilosis is as an important pathogen of otomycosis in our environment, though the participation of Aspergillus niger is also remarkable, as it happens in other geographic areas. The contact with seawater and the antimicrobial treatment are the main factors which favor the infection; climatical conditions could cooperate to it in great extent. The observed symptoms are similar to the bacterial otitis, but of lesser intensity.
耳真菌病是一种罕见的临床病症，其病因和表现具有独特特征，因地理区域而异。为了确定最常见的病原体、霉菌性外耳道炎的临床和流行病学特征，对一年内检测到的40例病例进行了分析。
对40例诊断为耳真菌病（微生物培养阳性）的患者进行研究。根据形态学和生化标准鉴定真菌。
近平滑念珠菌（42.9%）和黑曲霉（35.7%）是最常见的病原体。在3例病例中发现有相关的细菌菌群。患者以男性为主（60.0%），年龄在31 - 40岁之间（35.0%）以及50岁以上（37.5%）。症状为这些病症常见的症状：浆液性分泌物、耳痛和瘙痒。大多数病例发生在夏季（57.5%）和秋季（30.0%），原因是海水浴（90.0%）、外伤（27.5%）和先前的抗菌治疗（40.0%）。
在我们所处环境中，近平滑念珠菌是耳真菌病的重要病原体，不过黑曲霉的作用也很显著，这与其他地理区域的情况相同。接触海水和抗菌治疗是促成感染的主要因素；气候条件在很大程度上也可能起到作用。观察到的症状与细菌性中耳炎相似，但程度较轻。
