Sundgot-Borgen J
Dept. of Biology and Sportsmedicine, Norwegian University of Sport and Physical Education, Oslo.
Int J Sport Nutr. 1993 Dec;3(4):431-42. doi: 10.1123/ijsn.3.4.431.
This study assessed the nutrient intake and eating behavior in Norwegian female elite athletes suffering from eating disorders (ED) who met the criteria for anorexia nervosa (AN), anorexia athletica (AA), or bulimia nervosa (BN). The subjects included 7 AN, 43 AA, 42 BN, and 30 controls. Three-day and 24-hr food records were used to assess energy and nutrient intake. Results revealed that a significant number of AN and AA athletes have diets too low in energy and nutrients, the mean intake for energy and CHO being lower than recommended for active females. A significant number did not reach the protein level recommended for athletes. In addition, there were low intakes of several micronutrients, most notably calcium, vitamin D, and iron. The energy and nutritional inadequacy, combined with the use of purging, are of major concern since the athletes in this study were relatively young. It is unknown whether the abnormal eating pattern is a consequence of ED or is typical of top level athletes.
本研究评估了符合神经性厌食症(AN)、运动性厌食症(AA)或神经性贪食症(BN)标准的挪威女性精英运动员的营养摄入和饮食行为。研究对象包括7名AN患者、43名AA患者、42名BN患者和30名对照者。采用三日和24小时食物记录来评估能量和营养摄入。结果显示,相当数量的AN和AA运动员的饮食能量和营养过低,能量和碳水化合物的平均摄入量低于活跃女性的推荐量。相当数量的运动员未达到运动员推荐的蛋白质水平。此外,几种微量营养素的摄入量较低,最显著的是钙、维生素D和铁。鉴于本研究中的运动员相对年轻,能量和营养不足,再加上采用催吐行为,令人深感担忧。目前尚不清楚这种异常饮食模式是饮食失调的结果还是顶级运动员的典型特征。