Van Dyke M I, Couture P, Brauer M, Lee H, Trevors J T
Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph, ON, Canada.
Can J Microbiol. 1993 Nov;39(11):1071-8. doi: 10.1139/m93-162.
The structure of two rhamnolipid biosurfactants produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa UG2 was studied. Analyses by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed these two rhamnolipids to be alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-beta-hydroxydecanyol-beta-hydroxydecanoate and 2-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-beta-hydroxydecan oyl-beta- hydroxydecanoate. The ability of UG2 rhamnolipid biosurfactants to enhance removal of naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, fluorene, 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl, and 3,3',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl into the aqueous phase was affected by soil type, hydrocarbon equilibration time, and biosurfactant adsorption to soil. Partially purified UG2 biosurfactants at a concentration of 5 g/L removed approximately 10% more hydrocarbon from a sandy loam soil than slit loam soil. High levels of UG2 rhamnolipids adsorbed to soil. In 18% (w/v) soil slurries 74, 49, 38, and 20% of 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 g UG2 rhamnolipids/L, respectively, were bound to the soil phase. Sodium dodecyl sulphate recovered lower levels and Witconol SN70 higher levels of phenanthrene and 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl than UG2 biosurfactants.
对铜绿假单胞菌UG2产生的两种鼠李糖脂生物表面活性剂的结构进行了研究。气相色谱 - 质谱分析和核磁共振光谱分析表明，这两种鼠李糖脂分别为α - L - 鼠李吡喃糖基 - β - 羟基癸酰基 - β - 羟基癸酸酯和2 - O - α - L - 鼠李吡喃糖基 - α - L - 鼠李吡喃糖基 - β - 羟基癸酰基 - β - 羟基癸酸酯。UG2鼠李糖脂生物表面活性剂将萘、蒽、菲、芴、2,2',5,5'-四氯联苯和3,3',4,4',5,5'-六氯联苯转移到水相中的能力受土壤类型、烃平衡时间以及生物表面活性剂在土壤上的吸附作用影响。浓度为5 g/L的部分纯化UG2生物表面活性剂从砂壤土中去除的烃比粉质壤土多约10%。大量的UG2鼠李糖脂吸附在土壤上。在18%（w/v）的土壤浆液中，0.5、1、2和5 g/L的UG2鼠李糖脂分别有74%、49%、38%和20%与土壤相结合。与UG2生物表面活性剂相比，十二烷基硫酸钠回收的菲和2,2',5,5'-四氯联苯水平较低，而Witconol SN70回收的水平较高。
