Zhuikov A Y, Couvillon P A, Bitterman M E
Severtsov Institute of Evolutionary Animal Morphology and Ecology, Moscow, Russia.
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process. 1994 Jan;20(1):32-43.
The shuttlebox performance of goldfish was studied under standardized conditions in a variety of problems--with or without an avoidance contingency, a conditioned stimulus (CS)-termination contingency, and an escape contingency. The effects of CS-only, unconditioned stimulus (US)-only, and explicitly unpaired training were also examined. All the data could be simulated quantitatively with a version of O. H. Mowrer's (1947) 2-process theory expressed in 2 learning equations (1 classical, the other instrumental) and a performance equation. The good fit suggests that the theory is worth developing further with new experiments designed to challenge it.
在各种情况下，于标准化条件下研究了金鱼在穿梭箱中的行为表现——存在或不存在回避条件、条件刺激（CS）终止条件以及逃避条件。还考察了仅给予条件刺激、仅给予非条件刺激以及明确的非配对训练的效果。所有数据都能用O. H. 莫勒（1947）的双过程理论的一个版本进行定量模拟，该理论由两个学习方程（一个是经典的，另一个是工具性的）和一个行为表现方程表示。良好的拟合表明，该理论值得通过旨在挑战它的新实验进一步发展。
