Steele R W
Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University School of Medicine 70118.
J R Soc Med. 1993 Dec;86(12):712-5. doi: 10.1177/014107689308601213.
Group B beta-haemolytic streptococcus (GBS) is the leading cause of life-threatening perinatal infection in developed countries. As immunization of women is not yet available, selective intrapartum chemoprophylaxis appears to be the best current strategy for preventing disease. All pregnant women should be screened for GBS at 26 to 28 weeks gestation. During labour, all colonized women with risk factors for invasive GBS neonatal infection should be treated with intravenous penicillin or ampicillin. Risk factors include preterm labour, premature rupture of membranes, intrapartum fever, multiple births, prolonged rupture of membranes, maternal diabetes, previous sibling with invasive GBS disease, and maternal GBS bacteriuria. The latter two categories warrant chemoprophylaxis regardless of maternal colonization status.
B族β溶血性链球菌（GBS）是发达国家危及生命的围产期感染的主要原因。由于尚未对女性进行免疫接种，选择性产时化学预防似乎是目前预防该疾病的最佳策略。所有孕妇应在妊娠26至28周时进行GBS筛查。在分娩期间，所有有侵袭性GBS新生儿感染风险因素的定植妇女均应接受静脉注射青霉素或氨苄西林治疗。风险因素包括早产、胎膜早破、产时发热、多胎妊娠、胎膜长时间破裂、母亲糖尿病、有侵袭性GBS疾病的同胞兄弟姐妹以及母亲GBS菌尿。后两类情况无论母亲定植状态如何均需进行化学预防。
