Azevedo G, Mendonça S
Serviço de Epidemiologia, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 1993 Feb;27(1):68-75.
This study seeks to show the importance of cancer as a cause of morbidity and mortality among Brazilian women. Mortality data from the Health Ministry and incidence data from the six Brazilian Population Based Cancer Registries (Belém, Fortaleza, Recife, S. Paulo, Porto Alegre e Goiânia) were used. Cancer accounted for 15.5% of all deaths in women above fifteen years of age, in 1986. Breast and uterine cancer were responsible for some 30% of these deaths. International comparisons show that Recife and Belém had the highest incidence rates from cervical cancer in the world. The incidence of breast cancer in Porto Alegre, S. Paulo, Fortaleza and Goiânia approximated to the figures for regions of high incidence such as the United States and some European countries. Risk factors in leading female cancers are discussed in the light of cultural, social and geographical differences, as well as the development of screening programs. It is concluded that screening and early-detection programs for cervical and breast cancer had very low coverage in the country. The insertion of actions for the prevention and early diagnosis of cervical and breast cancers in women's health care programs should be considered one of the priorities for public health in Brazil.
本研究旨在表明癌症作为巴西女性发病和死亡原因的重要性。使用了卫生部的死亡率数据以及巴西六个基于人群的癌症登记处（贝伦、福塔莱萨、累西腓、圣保罗、阿雷格里港和戈亚尼亚）的发病率数据。1986年，癌症占15岁以上女性所有死亡人数的15.5%。乳腺癌和子宫癌约占这些死亡人数的30%。国际比较显示，累西腓和贝伦的宫颈癌发病率是世界上最高的。阿雷格里港、圣保罗、福塔莱萨和戈亚尼亚的乳腺癌发病率接近美国和一些欧洲国家等高发病率地区的数字。根据文化、社会和地理差异以及筛查项目的发展，讨论了主要女性癌症的风险因素。得出的结论是，该国宫颈癌和乳腺癌的筛查及早期检测项目覆盖率非常低。将预防和早期诊断宫颈癌和乳腺癌的行动纳入女性医疗保健项目应被视为巴西公共卫生的优先事项之一。
