Feigenbaum F, Fang C, Sandler S G
Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C.
Transfusion. 1994 Feb;34(2):158-61. doi: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1994.34294143946.x.
Currently, human T-lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II) is the most prevalent human retrovirus, detected in persons presenting to donate blood in the United States. Only scant information is available with which to counsel HTLV-II-seropositive deferred donors or other persons about the ways in which they may spread HTLV-II to others.
To increase understanding of the modes of transmission of HTLV-II, a seroepidemiologic study was conducted among Panamanian Guaymi Indians, a recently identified focus of endemic HTLV-II infection. Subjects were tested for serologic evidence of infection by HTLV-II, HTLV type I, hepatitis B virus, and nine other infectious agents by enzyme immunoassays and specific confirmatory tests.
Nine (8.3%) of 109 persons tested HTLV-II-seropositive. HTLV-II seropositivity was more likely in persons with serologic evidence of prior hepatitis B virus infection. Sexual contact with HTLV-II-seropositive partners, but neither parenteral exposure nor breast-feeding, was identified as a risk factor for HTLV-II.
In Guaymi Indians, HTLV-II appears to be spread primarily through sexual transmission.
目前，人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒II型（HTLV-II）是在美国献血者中检测到的最普遍的人类逆转录病毒。关于如何向HTLV-II血清反应阳性的延期献血者或其他人员提供咨询，告知他们可能将HTLV-II传播给他人的方式，目前可用信息很少。
为了增进对HTLV-II传播方式的了解，在巴拿马的瓜伊米印第安人中开展了一项血清流行病学研究，他们是最近确认的HTLV-II地方性感染疫源地。通过酶免疫测定和特异性确证试验，对受试者进行HTLV-II、I型人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒、乙型肝炎病毒及其他9种感染因子感染的血清学证据检测。
109名接受检测的人员中有9名（8.3%）HTLV-II血清反应呈阳性。有乙型肝炎病毒既往感染血清学证据的人员中HTLV-II血清反应阳性的可能性更高。与HTLV-II血清反应阳性的性伴侣发生性接触被确定为HTLV-II的一个危险因素，而经肠道外接触和母乳喂养均不是危险因素。
在瓜伊米印第安人中，HTLV-II似乎主要通过性传播。
