Kushner M G, Sher K J
University of Minnesota, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, Minneapolis 55455.
Addict Behav. 1993 Sep-Oct;18(5):543-52. doi: 10.1016/0306-4603(93)90070-p.
We evaluated the effects of gender and family history for alcoholism on the co-occurrence of anxiety disorders and alcohol disorders ("comorbidity") in a large university student sample (N = 489). A structured diagnostic interview was used to elicit life-time histories of anxiety disorder (29%) and alcohol disorder (26%). The proportion of subjects receiving an alcohol diagnosis was significantly greater among those with an anxiety diagnosis (39% vs. 21%). Male subjects, as well as those with a parental history of alcoholism, had a significantly greater base-rate of alcohol disorder than did other subjects. However, these factors did not affect the relative increase in risk for an alcohol disorder associated with the presence of an anxiety disorder; that is, these factors did not interact with (i.e., moderate) comorbidity risk. In discussing these results, we emphasize issues relevant to identifying and distinguishing between interaction effects and base-rate effects in comorbidity studies.
我们在一个大型大学生样本（N = 489）中评估了性别及酗酒家族史对焦虑症与酒精障碍共病情况的影响。采用结构化诊断访谈来获取焦虑症（29%）和酒精障碍（26%）的终生患病史。在被诊断为焦虑症的受试者中，接受酒精诊断的比例显著高于其他受试者（39% 对 21%）。男性受试者以及有酗酒家族史的受试者，其酒精障碍的基础发病率显著高于其他受试者。然而，这些因素并未影响与焦虑症共存时酒精障碍风险的相对增加；也就是说，这些因素并未与共病风险相互作用（即调节共病风险）。在讨论这些结果时，我们强调了在共病研究中识别和区分相互作用效应与基础发病率效应的相关问题。
